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The  New  Speller 
for  Foreigners 


Jl  Sounding  and  Pronouncing  System 


By  CHARLOTTE  WHEELER 


The  New  Speller 
for  Foreigners 


Jl  Sounding  and  Pronouncing  System 
By  CHARLOTTE  WHEELER 


'  « »  ?  -' 


Copyrlgrht  1913 
By 

CHARLOTTE  WHEELER 


KEY  TO  THE  SYSTEM. 

I. — Learn  the  NAME  of  each  letter  In  the  alphabet. 

A  a 

B  b 

C  c 

D  d 

E  e 

F  f 

G  g 

H  h 

I  i 

J  J 

K  k 

L  1 

M  m 

N  n 

O  o 

P  p 

Q  q 

R  >  r 

S  B 

T  t 

U  U 

V  ▼ 
W  w 
X  X 

Y  y 
Z  z 

II.  Learn   the  SOUND  of  these   35   Initial  lettera  and  syllables. 

Use  cards  for  these. 

(c-k);  p;  m;  n;  r;  t;  f;  v;  s;  st;  h;  fl;  d;  dr;  pi;  pr;  spl;  si;  dw;  pr; 
y;  sh;  sm;  th;  br;  bl;  blem;  sn;  sw;  g;  j;  en;  w;wh;  thr: 

III.  Write,  spell  and  then  pronounce  the  root  syllable  of  each 
word. 

Foreigners  must  be  taught  HOW  to  pronounce  the  root  syllable 

rather  than  to  recognize  it  by  sight. 

DRILL  OUT  LOUD. 

Go  over  the  same  group  of  root  words  again  and  again. 


INTRODUCTION. 

This  book  is  not  intended  as  a  reader.  It  does  not  talie  the 
place  of  the  reader  or  in  any  way  change  the  method  you  choose  to 
teach    by. 

It  will  be  doubly  effective  in  the  hands  of  the  teacher  M'ho  knows 
the  language  of  the  foreign  pupil  he  isi  instructing. 

Great  care  should  be  given  to  the  teaching  of  the  35  initial  sounds. 
"M"  should  be  made  with  closed  lips. 

"N"  is  made  by  sounding  the  name  of  the  letter  against  the  roof  of 
the  mouth  and  top  of  the  nose. 

"th"  is  a  different  sound.     It  i&  made  by  placing  the  tongue  between 
the  teeth  and  holding  it  there  while  the  sound  is  made. 
"s"  is  a  soft  whistling  through  the  teeth. 

"v"  another  difficult  sound  is  made  by  catching  the  lower  lip  between 
the  teeth  and  holding  it  while  the  letter  "v"  is  pronounced. 

The  most  important  sound  for  the  German  pupil  is  the  short 
*'u".  It  is  made  at  the  diaphram  by  forcing  the  breath  out  as  if  hurt. 
It  is  nearly  a  grunt. 

Do  not  let  them  make  this  sound  in  the  throat.  You  cannot  drill 
too  much  on  this  sound. 

"h"  is  made  with  an  open  throat.     It  is  a  long  harsh  breath  and  as 
such  should  be  practiced. 

"sh"  is  a  soft  sound,  while  "eh"  is  clear  and  loud, 
"j"  is  the  loudest,  clearest  single  sound  we  have.     Practice  it  often. 

You  will  find  that  the  pupils  like  the  card  drill  as  much  as  little 
children  do. 

The  writing  qf  each  root  and  word  produces  two  results;  first  it 
makes  them  rapid  mechanical  writers;  second  it  fixes  the  sound  with 
the  sight  of  the  syllable  and  makes  them  recognize  it  instantly  when 
s,een  in  their  readers. 

Do  not  be  afraid  of  oral  DRILL. 

Do  not  neglect  writing  each  root  six  times  no  matter  how  easy 
the  root  may  be. 


METHOD  OP  USING  BOOK.  .... 

The  length  of  these  lessons  was  tested  on  a  class  of  twenty-four 
foreigners  in  the  Central  Night  School,  Oakland,  California,  last  winter. 

The  method  I  found  most  effective  is  as  follows: 

The  claas  takes  its  place  at  the  blackboard  and  writes  the  syllable 
which  forms  the  root  of  the  word,  calling  the  NAME  of  each  letter 
and  then  pronouncing  the  syllable. 

We  drill  on  each  syllable  at  least  six  times. 

Do  not  bother  with  any  sounding  except  the  introductory  letter 
or  syllable. 

They  then  write  each  word  as  you  dictate  it.  After  the  entire 
lesson  has  been  written  by  them  on  the  black  board,  have  them  spell 
in  chorus  each  word,  pronouncing  it  after  spelling  it. 

Pronouncing  the  name  of  the  letter  itself  throws  the  vocal  organs 
in  the  proper  position  to  pronounce  the  word  correctly. 

If  they  are  advanced  enough  discuss  the  meaning  of  each  word. 
They  are  now  ready  to  take  their  seats  and  study  the  lesson  correctly. 
They  will  not  have  to  guess  at  the  pronunciation. 

....     Do  not  be  afraid  of  ORAIj  spelling  with  a  written  copy  always 
before  them. 


TO  THE  RESOURCEFUL  TEACHER. 

You  will  find  the  lists  of  words  with  each  lesson  material  for  much 
original  work  upon  the  part  of  the  pupils;  such  as  forming  original 
sentences;  reproduction  stories;  word  building;  rhyming  games;  etc. 
remembering  always  that  the  fundamental  object  of  this  book  is 
to  teach  the  foreigner  to  place  the  sounds  correctly. 


an  -  a  -  c  -  f  -  m 


can 

fan 

man 

pan 

ran 

tan 


-p-r 

a 

has 

I 

my 

the 

see 


t. 


LESSON  NO.  1. 

I  see  the  man. 

I  see  a  fan. 

The  man  has  a  can. 

I  see  a  pan. 

The  man  ran. 

I  ran. 

A  man  ran. 

The  man  has  the  can. 

The  man  has  the  fan. 

The  man  can  fan. 


at  •  b  -  s  - 

bat 

have 

fat 

he 

hat 

is 

mat 

on 

rat 

this 

Nat 

to 

sat 

in 

LESSON  NO.  2. 

This  is  little  Nat- 
Nat  has  a  little  cat. 
The  cat  is  fat. 
This  is  Nat's  hat. 
The  fat  cat  sees  Nat. 
The  rat  sat  on  the  mat. 
The  little  rat  is  fat. 
The  man  sat  on  the  mat. 


LESSON  NO.  3. 

and  -  b  ■ 

■  h  - 1  -  s  -  St. 

and 

by 

Nat  hears  the  band. 

band 

near 

Nat  has  a  cat. 

hand 

like 

The  cat  is  little. 

land 

likes 

Nat  can  hear  the  band. 

sand 

they 

Nat  likes  the  band. 

stand 

your 

Nat  likes  to  pat  the  cat. 

I  like  the  man. 

The  man  likes  the  band- 

ake  .  dr  -  fl* 

from  bake 

his  drake 

me  flake 

see  lake 

sees  make 

will  sake 


LESSON  NO.  4 

I  can  bake  a  cake. 

I  can  see  the  lake. 

The  fat  man  likes  the  cake  Nat  bakes. 

Hand  me  the  cake. 

I  see  a  drake. 

I  see  a  cat. 

I  see  a  rat. 

Nat  sat  on  the  sand  by  the  lake. 

Nat  will  hand  me  the  cake. 

Nat  will  hand  me  his  hat. 


ing  -  br  -  cl 

baking 

bring 

bringing 

cUng 

clinging 

fanning 

handing 

landing 


•  spr  - 1. 

making 

raking 

ring 

sing 

singing 

spring 

standing 

taking 


LESSON  NO.  5. 

Nat  is  standing  by  the  lake. 
He  likes  to  stand  by  the  band. 
I  see  that  drake  on  the  lake. 
Nat  is  singing- 
Nat's  cat  can  cling  to  him. 
I  see  the  cat  cling  to  him. 
Nat  \^'ill  bring  the  cat  with  him. 
It  is  spring. 


LESSON  NO.  6. 

ate  -  f  -  g  -  m  -  sk  -  si  -  St. 

fate  as  This  is  Nat's  slate. 

gate  by  It  is  a  large  slate. 

mate  good  Here  is  Nat  by  the  gate. 

skate  here  He  sat  on  the  sand  by  the  band-stand* 

slate  large  I  like  Nat. 

it  state  The  land  is  good  in  this  state. 


ell-  dw-  sp-  w. 

fell 

Nell 

sell 

shell 

spell 

well 

bell 

dell 

dwell 


liosson  No.  7. 

Tuesday  Nell  stands  by  the  gate. 

Wednesday      Nat  is  well. 

Thursday  Nat  will  sell  the  bell. 

Friday  The  bell  will  ring. 

Saturday  Nat  will  ring  the  bell. 

Sunday  Nat  fell  on  the  sand  by  the  gate. 

This   is   Monday-Tuesday-Sunday. 

The    bell    rings    Wednesday. 
Monday  I  like  to  spell  Saturday  and  Sunday. 


et-  b-  f-  g-  1-  p-  s. 

bet 

fret 

get 

let 

letter 

letters 

met 

net 

pet 

set 


Lesson  No.  8. 


I  met  the  man  Monday. 

He  was  on  the  sand  by  the  gate. 

He  was  standing  by  the  band. 

I   will   get   a  rake. 

I  will  pet  the  cat. 

I  will  set  the  pan  by  the  gate. 

I   will  spell  fret. 

Nat  is  making  a  rake. 

Nell  is  baking  a  cake. 

Nat  is  petting  the  cat. 


ip-  ch-ah-  d-l-n-r. 


chip 
dip 

lip 

nip 

rip 

ship 

shipping 

sip 


cent 

dime 

dollar 

five 

half 

one 

quarter 

ten 


Lesson  No.  9. 

The  ship  was  on  the  lake  Monday. 

The  lake  is  in  this  state. 

The  man  will  see  the  ship. 

The  man  will  dip  the  shell  in  the  sand. 

The  cat  will  dip  in  the  pan. 

The  pan  is  on  the  mat  by  the  gate. 

The  gate  is  by  the  lake. 

Ten  cents  make  one  dime. 

Ten  dimes  make  one  dollar. 

Fifty  cents  is  half  of  a  dollar. 

Twenty-five  cents  is  a  quarter  of  a  dollar. 

Five  cents  is  one  nickel. 

I  like  dollars  and  dimes. 


it- 


bit 

do 

flit 

not 

hit 

she 

lit 

so 

little 

fifty  cents 

mit 

hundred 

mittens 

seventy-fiv 

as 

twenty  cei 

came 

Lesson  No.  10. 


Nell  will  sit  on  the  mat. 

Nat  will  hit  the  cat. 

The  cat  bit  the  rat. 

Nell  igi  making  mittens. 

Nell  is  sitting  on  the  sand  by  the  lake. 

Twenty-five  cents  is  a  quarter  of  a  dollar. 


seventy-five      Fifty-cents  is  a  half  of  a  dollar, 
twenty  cents    One  hundred  cents  is  a  dollar. 


ear- 


blear 

clear 

day 

dear 

hour 

drear 

minute 

fear 

second 

hear 

month 

near 

week 

sear 

time 

spear 

year 

Lesson  No.  11. 

One  clear  day  Nell  was  sitting  on  the  sand. 

In  her  hand  was  a  little  shell. 

Nell  has  no  fear  of  the  lake. 

She  likes  to  see  the  ships  and  the  shells  on 

the  sand. 
Nat  will  make  her  a  ship  and  a  rake. 


ed- 


feared 

forenoon 

flaked 

morning 

flitted 

night 

fretted 

noon 

matted 

neared 

netted 

nipped 

petted 

fatted 

sipped 

baked 

afternoon 

batted 

day 

cleared 

evening 

Lesson  Xo.  12. 


Nat  feared  to  sit  on  the  gate. 

Nat  batted  the  ball. 

The  cat  nipped  the  rat. 

Nell  petted  the  cat. 

The  ship  neared  the  sand. 


60  seconds  make  a  minute. 
'60  minutes  make  an  hour. 
24  hours  make  a  day. 


am-  3- 


dam 

coffee 

jam 

drink 

lamb 

milk 

ram 

tea 

Sam 

water 

sham 

wine 

Lesson  No.  13. 

Sam  ran  for  a  drink  of  water. 

Sam  likes  milk  for  his  pet  lamb. 

Sam  likes  tea  and  jam. 

Sam  will  not  hit  the  little  ram. 

The  ram  is  not  as  large  as  the  lamb  yet. 


ink-  dr-  th- 

blink 

die 

blinking 

earn 

drink 

live 

drinking 

play 

ink-well 

spend 

linking 

work 

sink 

sinking 

think 

thinking 

wink 

winking 

Lesson  No.  14. 


I  think  the  ship  is  sinking. 

It  is  on  the  brink  of  the  lake. 

It  is  a  tall  ship. 

The  man  is  calling  to  Nat  to  come  and  see 

it. 
Nat  will   drink  tea  that  comes  in  on  the 

ship. 
I  think  Sam's  play  ship  is  sinking. 
Sam  ran  to  the  brink  of  the  dam  to  see. 
He  fears  for  his  play-things. 
He  has  worked  hard  to  make  them. 


all-  sm-  er-  est- 

call 

called 

calling 

fall 

hall   (a  room) 

haul (to  drag) 

smaller 

smallest 

stall 

tall 

taller 

tallest 

•wall 


Lesson  No.  15. 

The  man  is  hauling  sand  near  the  wall. 

There  is  a  gate  in  the  wall. 

Nat  is  calling  the  small  ram. 

The  ram  is  a  pet. 

The  ram  is  smaller  than  the  lamb. 

Nat  is  making  a  stall  for  his  pet  ram. 


est- 


best 

chest 

guest 

lest   (for  fear  that) 

nest 

pest 

rest 

west 

bread 

butter 

cake 

meat 

pepper 

pie 

potatoes 

salt 

vegetables 

er- 

better 

player 

caller 

sinker 

clearer 

skater 

earner 

smaller 

hauler 

spender 

hearer 

taller 

latter 

thinker 

letter 

winker 

nearer 

worker 

ice- 

ice 

about 

ice-cream 

every 

ice-man 

many 

lice 

may 

mice 

much 

rice 

these 

slice 

very 

splice 

with 

Lesson  No.  16. 

bitterest 

coldest 

fattest 

nicest 

ripest 

stillest 


Sam  will  get  the  small  chests  from  the  ship. 
The  ship  came  in  this  morning. 
I  think  the  best  chests  are  the  large  ones. 
The  ship  came  from  the  west. 
Sam  is  a  little  guest  on  the  ship. 
Sam  will  do  his  best  to  be  good  while  he  is 
a  guest  on  the  ship. 


Lesson  No.  17. 

Sam  is  taller  than  Nell. 

The  man  is  hauling  the  chest. 

Sam  ran  west. 

The  caller  is  Nell. 

Sam   works   well   and   earns   money  but   I 

fear  that  he  is  a  large  spender. 
The  dam  is  nearer  than  the  lake  I  think. 


Lesson  No.  18. 

I  think  Nell  will  eat  rice  and  milk. 

She  likes  ice-cream  better. 

I  fear  that  bread  and   butter  will  not  be 

good  for  her. 
She  is  too  small  to  eat  much. 
There  is  ice  on  the  lake. 
Sam  will  eat  a  slice  of  bread. 
The  cat  eats  rats  and  mice. 


10 


end- 


bend 

bender 

bending 

blender 

end 

fender 

ended 

lender 

ending 

render 

friend 

lender 

friendship 

tender 

lend 

mend 

mending 

send 

sending 

tend 

tending 

Lesson  No.  10. 


Nell  will  lend  her  h&t  to  Nat. 
It  is  her  best  hat. 
Nell  met  Sam  near  the  tall  gate. 
The  lamb  is  in  the  tall  stall, 
Nat  is  Sam's  friend. 
Nat  will  take  water  to  the  pet  lamb. 
Nat  will  lend  hia  ship  to  Nell  to  play  with. 
When  they  finish  their  play  they  will  sit 
by  the  dam  and  rest. 


old-  . .  ed-.  est-.  Ing. 

bold 

bolder 

boldest 

cold 

colder 

coldest 

fold 

folded 

folding 

gold 

golden 

mold 

molding 

old 

older 

oldest 

scold 

scolding 

sold 

told 


liesson  No.  20. 


Tuesday  was  a  very  cold  day. 

I  told  Nell  to  fold  her  mittens. 

Nell  sold  them  to  Nat  Friday. 

I  will  not  scold  Sam  or  his  friend,  Nat. 

They  are  very  bold  to  play  there  this  cold 

day. 
Little  Nat  has  a  slice  of  cold  meat. 
It  is  a  clear  cold  day. 
I  will  hold  your  hand. 


ame- 


blame 

January 

came 

February 

dame 

March 

fame 

frame 

game 

same 

shame 

tame 

Lesson  No.  21. 

This  is  the  same  game  we  played  by  the 

lake. 
Nell  sold  the  bell  but  not  the  gold  mold. 
The  little  frame  came  from  the  tall  ship 

on  the  lake. 
The  ram  is  tame. 
Nat's  pet  lamb  is  lame. 
Sam  has  the  same  hat  on. 


11 


ane-    ope- 

bane 

cane 

fane   (a  church) 

lane 

pane    (of  glass) 

sane 

dope 

doping 

hope 

lope 

loping 

mope 

moping 

rope 

scope 


April 

May 

June 


Lesson  No.  22. 


Nell  sat  on  the  slope  one  cold  day. 

A  small  lane  is  near  the  slope. 

Little  Nat  came  down  the  lane. 

He  has  a  rope  in  his  hands. 

The  rope  holds  his  pet  lamb. 

He  is  taking  it  to  its  stall. 

It  does  not  want  to  go  so  Nat  scolds  it. 


ite-  oke- 

bite 

kite 

mite  (small) 

quite 

site    (place) 

white 

whiten 

whitening 

whitewash 

write 


broke 
hoke 
choking 
joking 
poke 
smoke 
smoking 
stroke 

July 

August 

September 


Lesson  No.  23. 

Nell  will  write  a  letter  to  her  friend  to-day. 

Her  friend  is  old  and  lame. 

She  will  write  about  her  pet  lamb  and  the 

lame  ram. 
Nell  will  tell  about  her  gold  mold. 
She  will  fold  her  letter  nicely. 
Nell  told  Sam  that  she  was  going  to  write 

about  all  these  things. 


ipe-   OS&- 

gripe 

close 

pipe 

foes 

ripe 

goes 

ripening 

hose 

riper 

nose 

ripest 

rose 

snipe 

toes 

stripe 

wipe 

October 

November 

December 

Lesson  No.  24. 


There  is  a  splice  in  the  rope. 

It  is  the  best  work  in  splicing  I  ever  saw. 

Nat  told  me  to  fold  the  rope  where  is  was 

spliced. 
Nell  has  a  rose  in  her  hand. 
It  came  from  the  cold  slope  near  the  dam. 
Nell  holds  the  rose  to  her  nose. 
December  is  a  cold  month. 


12 


Lesson  No.  25. 

Review. 

Can  the  cat  see  the  fat  rat. 

The  rat  stands  on  the  sand. 

The  drake  likes  the  water. 

Nell  can  make  a  cake  and  bake  it  well. 

Nat  will  fling  the  rope  to  Sam. 

Sam  is  clinging  to  the  wall  by  the  dam. 

When  spring  comes  they  like  to  play  by 

the  lake. 
They  play  with  their  ships  and  ropes  and 

chests. 
They  were  down  to  the  lake  Monday  and 

were  raking  in  the  sand. 
There  are  some  flakes  of  sand  clinging  to 

Nat's  hat  still. 
That  same  day  Nat  and  Sam  were  playing 

that  they  were  mates  on  the  sinking  ship. 
Nell  helped  them  to  land  with  a  large  rope. 
Nell  will  call  them  to  come  in  when  the 

tea  bell  rings. 
Nell  is  good  to  Sam  and  Nat. 
They  like  to  skate  on  the  lake  when  it  is 

cold. 
They  never  fret  or  scold,  they  are  all  good 

children. 
They  have  many  dear  pets  to  play  with. 


ind-   ine- 

blind 

find 

but 

finding 

pretty 

finder 

said 

grind 

saw 

kind 

say 

mind 

some 

wind 

want 

brine 

were 

dine 

diner 

fine 

line 

nine 

shine 

Lesson  No.  26. 

Nell  will  find  a  kind  friend  in  Sam. 

Nell  has  nine  little  pets. 

Some  of  them   are  old   and   lame  but  she 

likes  them  all. 
Sam  sees  a  little  smipe. 
It  shines  as  it  flits  by. 
She  thinks  the  little  snipe  will  make  a  nice 

pet. 
Sam  has  a  small  rope  to  hold  the  snipe 

when  they  get  it. 


13 


ack-  Ish- 

back 

blemish 

black 

dish 

blacker 

dishes 

blacking 

finish 

Jack 

finished 

lack 

fish 

pack 

fishes 

rack 

fisher 

sack 

fisherman 

slack 

fishing 

stack 

relish 

tack 

Spanish 

track 

English 

aunt 

cousins 

daughter 

father 

husband 

mama 

man 

papa 

mother 

relatives 

son 

uncle 

wife 

Lesson  Xo.  37. 


Sam  has  a  fish  in  his  net. 

He  plays  that  he  is  a  fisherman  and  that 
Nell  is  his:  wife. 

Nell  likes  to  be  a  fisherman's  wife. 

She  gets  pretty  shells  from  the  sand. 

She  likes  to  see  Sam's  little  play-ship  sink- 
ing in  the  water. 

She  likes  to  hold  the  rope  and  bring  it 
back  to  land. 

She  does  not  mind  if  it  is  cold  and  wet. 


ill-  ong>- 


bill 

mill 

chill 

miller 

dill 

pill 

drill 

rill 

fill 

shrill 

filled 

sill 

frill 

spill 

hill 

still 

kill 

thrill 

killed 

will 

long 

longer 

longing 

gong 

Bong 

songster 

strong 

strongest 

throng 

wrong 

Lesson  No.  28. 

The  man  will  drill  his  friends  so  that  they 

will  stand  better. 
They  are  all  strong  men. 
Not  one  of  them  is  old  or  lame. 
They  make  a  large  throng  when  they  all 

stand  near  the  gate. 
The  gate  is  in  the  wall  near  the  dam. 
The  men  will  all  stand  still  when  the  bell 

rings. 
The  bell  is  a  kind  of  gong. 
It  is  the  mill  bell  and  Is  an  old  one. 


14 


arm-  Ight- 

arm 

farm 

harm 

farmer 

farming 

charmed 

charming 

harmed 

farmed 

charm 

alarm 

alarming 

alarm-clock 


Lesson  No.  29. 

blight 

fight 

light 

might 

sight 

night 

plight 

tight 

Wright 

bright 

brightest 

frightening 

delight 


fruit 

peaches 

plums 

apples 

pears 

strawberry 

strawberries 

grapes 

oranges 

lemons 

figs 

prunes 

raspberry- 


Nat  has  a  sack  of  ripe  fruit.  Sam  thinks  some  of  it  is  blighted. 
and  tells  Nat  so.  The  farmer  gave  the  fruit  to  Nat.  There  are  some 
apples  and  plums  and  pears.  The  grapes  are  not  ripe  yet.  Little  Nat 
gave  some  of  the  fruit  to  Sam  and  Nell. 

Lesson  No.  30. 


boldness 

coldness 

fatness 

flakiness 

redness 

sickness 

willingness 


fondness 

slowness 

gladness 

stillness 

kindness 

niceness 

stubbornness 


The  snipe  is  a  pretty  bird  but  it  is  not  a  songster, 
bill  which  shines  in  the  light.     It  is  bold  and  strong, 
by  the  wall.     It  flits  down  the  long  slope  when  it  see  Nell 
thinks  she  will  make  a  pet  of  it. 


It  has  a  bright 

It  stands  still 

Nell  still 


un-   up- 

bun 

cunning 

cup 

fun 

cupboard 

gun 

pup 

nun 

puppy 

run 

sup 

running 

supper 

shun 

up 

spun 

upbraid 

sun 

upheave 

sunny 

upheld 

sunshine 

uphill 

stun 

upholster 

stunning 

upland 

thunder 

upon 

thundering 

upper 

thunder-stormupraise 

uncle 

upright 

understand 

upside 

unfold 

upset 

unheard 

unkind 

unsafe 

untold 

Lesson  No.  31. 

Sam  thinks  it  is  fun  to  take  his  gun  and 

go  hunting. 
His  cunning  little  pup  goes  with  him. 
The  sun  shines  clear  and  It  is  not  very  cold. 
Sam  takes  a  bun  from  the  cupboard. 
It  is  for  the  pup's  supper. 
It  would  be  unsafe  for  the  pup  to  go  near 

the  dam. 
Sam  is  never  unkind  to  his  pets. 


16 


ock- 

clock 

dock 

flock 

frock 

lock 

locked 

locket 

mock 


Lesson  No.  32. 

mocking  There  is  a  small  dock  at  the  lake, 

pocket  The  little  ones  like  to  play  there  nice  days, 

rock  It  ia  near  the  dam. 

rocket  They  like  to  play  games  on  the  first  flat 

shock  rock  near  the  end  of  the  slope, 

socks  Sam  plays  that  he  is  a  clock  maker. 

Stock  He  gets  fine  large  fish  in  his  net. 

tock  He  stacks  them  in  nine  long  lines  on  the 

sand. 

Nat  plays  that  he  is  a  hunter. 

He  says  that  he  will  kill  many  kinds  of 
game. 

He  is  a  cunning  little  hunter. 

He  sits  very  still  on  the  flat  rock. 


Lesson  No.  33. 

ank-  igh- 

rank 

high 

sank 

sign 

bank 

nigh 

blank 

thigh-bone 

lank 

after 

plank 

been 

tank 

children 

thank 

over 

drank 

corn 

blanket 

wheat 

spank 

when 

On  one  side  of  the  lake  is  a  high  bank.  The  children  do  not  play 
there  very  often.  It  is  too  near  the  mill.  They  fear  the  miller's  wife. 
She  often  scolds  them  for  calling  so  shrill  and  clear.  They  take  a  long 
plank  and  put  it  on  a  flat  rock.  Sam  sits  on  one  end  of  it  and  Nell 
on  the  other.  They  go  up  very  high  but  they  have  no  fear.  They  call 
this  game  see-saw. 


Lesson  No.  34. 


ash- 
ashes 
ash-tree 
cash 
cashier 
clash 
clashes 
dash 
dashing 
flash 
flashing 
hash 
mash 
nash 
rash 
sashes 
splash 
splashing 
trash 


Alameda  Co. 

California 

City 

Continent 

Country 

County 

Golden    Gate 

St. 

North  America 

Oakland 

State 

United   States 


Sam  will  be  a  cashier  in  a  bank  when  he 

is  a  man. 
He  likes  to  play  cashier  now. 
He  has  a  bank  near  the  old  wall. 
He  makes  Nell  bring  her  dollars  and  dimes 

to  his  bank. 
Sam  sits  on  a  small  plank. 


16 


ig-     OSS- 

big 

boss 

brig 

floss 

fig 

floss-silk 

giggle 

flossy- 

giggling 

gloss 

jig 

loss 

pig 

moss 

whig 

mosses 

wig 

mossy 

wiggle 

toss 

wiggling 

tossing 

Lesson  No.  35. 


There  is  moss  on  the  side  of  the  dam. 

Nat  will  poke  some  of  the  moss  off  the  bank 

and  toss  it  to  Nell. 
Nell  can  not  come  to  play  with  him  for  she 

is  making  mittens. 
She  is  making  them  of  pink  floss. 
She  made  a  frill  of  pink  floss  Monday. 
Nat  has  a  good  rig. 
Sam  has  a  pet  pig. 
It  is  a  cunning  little  fellow. 
Nat  and  Nell  giggle  to  see  the  pig  wiggling. 
Nat  likes  ripe  figs. 


atch- 


batch 

batches 

Bay 

catch 

Gulf 

catching 

Ocean 

hatch 

River 

hatching 

Sea 

latch 

Strait 

match 

matches 

patch 

patches 

patching 

siatchels 

scratch 

thatch 

watching 

Lesson  No.  36. 

Sam  had  a  drink  of  water  at  the  mill. 

The  miller's  wife  asked  him  to  patch  the 
lock. 

He  mended  the  latch  on  the  small  gate 
Monday,  while  the  other  children  were 
playing  on  the  plank  over  the  dam. 

The  miller  has  gone  hunting. 

He  just  went  up  the  long  slope  with  his 
gun. 

He  is  after  a  large  flock  of  ducks  which  he 
,  has  been  watching  all  morning. 

They  vrere  in  the  moss  near  the  lake. 

He  thinks  that  he  might  catch  some  of 
them  by  going  up  the  hill  and  around 
by  the  other  side  of  the  lake. 


ag- 


bag 

bagging 

bank 

drag 

buildings 

flag 

church 

flag-staff 

home 

flag-stone 

house 

lag 

saloon 

laggard 

school 

lagging 

store 

nag 

theater 

rag 

sag 

sagged 

stag 

stagger 

stagnant 

tag 

tagging 

Lesson  No.  37. 

The   children   are   watching  the  miller   at 

work. 
He  is  grinding  something. 
They   wish   he  would   let  them  get   a  bag 

and  help  him. 
They  think  they  can  do  the  sacking. 
They  like  to  hear  the  rocks  as  they  grind 

together. 
They  like  to  hear  the  crashing  and  grind- 
ing. 
They   like  to   hear  the  drip   of  the  water 

which  makes  the  mill  run. 
It  is  not  a  big  mill. 
The  children  like  to  run  on  the  plank  near 

the  dam. 
They  like  to  see  the  water  under  them. 
They    have    no    fear    for    they    are    brave 

children. 


17 


ush- 

blushes 

animals 

brush 

calf 

brushes 

cow 

hushes 

donkey 

crush 

duck 

gush 

hen 

hush 

horse 

mush 

mule 

plush 

pig 

rush 

ram 

rushes 

sheep 

ark-  ove- 

bark 

ove- 

barking 

dove 

Clark 

glove 

dark 

hovel 

darker 

love 

darkest 

lover 

lark 

move 

larkspur 

movement 

mark 

novel 

marking 

prove 

park 

shove 

shark 

shovel 

sky-lark 

stove 

ape-    og- 

ape 

og- 

cape 

bog 

drape 

clog 

drapery 

dog 

nape 

flog 

tape 

frog 

tape-line 

hog 

taper 

hoggish 

tape-worm 

log 

tog 

around 

more 


Lesson  No.  38. 

The  miller's  wife  has  baked  a  fine  large 

batch  of  bread. 
She   gave  the   children   each   a  slice   of  it 

with  some  cold  meat. 
They  thank   her  for   the   bread   and   meat 

and   then   they  rush   down   to   the  tank 

for  a  drink  of  clear,  cold  water. 
The  miller's  wife  is  always  kind  to  them. 
Nell    often    plays   that   she   is   the   miller's 

wife  and  makes  mush  from  the  corn  he 

grinds. 

Lesson  No.  39. 

The    children    are    going    home    from    the 

miller's. 
Nell  is  putting  on  her  gloves, 
riiey  are  red  gloves. 
Nat  is  behind. 
He  has  his  shovel  and  is  making  lines  in 

the  sand. 
'Jell  sees  a  dove  on  the  branch  of  a  tall 

tree. 
She  likes  doves  better  than  larks, 
rhey  are  so  gentle  that  she  can  not  help 

loving  them. 


Lesson  No.  40. 

That  is  not  a  dog  by  the  log,  it  is  a  large 

black  hog. 
Dick  has  been  watching  him  for  an  hour. 
Still  he  will  rush  down  the  hill  and  dash 

over  the  bank  near  the  dock  when  Dick 

runs  after  him. 
Dick  is  little  Nat's  dog  and  Jack  is  Sam's 

dog. 

Jack  will  rush  after  a  cow  or  a  horse  or  a 

pig. 
He  can  play  tag  with  Sam. 


asp-    ut- 

asp 

ut- 

aspen 

but 

clasp 

cut 

gasp 

hut 

grasp 

nut 

rasp 

nut-cracker 

shut 

butter 

clutter 

cutting  . 

flutter 

shutter 

putty 

Lesson  No.  41. 

There  is  a  small  bog  between  the  mill  and 

the  lake. 
A  large  frog  lives  on  the  brink  o*  the  bog. 
The  children  are  kind  to  him. 
They  have  made  him  very  tame. 
He  sits  on  a  plank  near  and  watcnes  them 

play. 
The  children  run  and  jump  on  the  plank 

while  he  sits  still  and  eats  and  drinks. 
He  thinks  they  are  his  friends. 
There  is  an  old  hut  near  the  bog. 
The  children  have  cut  the  brush  away  and 

play  around  it. 


18 


ang-    ox- 

bang 

ox- 

clang 

box 

gang 

boxer 

hang 

boxes 

rang 

boxing 

sang 

fox 

slang 

ox 

sprang 

oxen 

oxidize 

Lesson  No.  42. 

The  children  sang  a  song  this  morning  as 

they  ran  down  the  long  sunny  slope  to 

their  play-house  by  the  dam. 
They  like  to  play  by  the  lake  and  in  tbe 

old  hut  by  the  bog. 
On    cold    days    they    hunt    the    warm    hill 

slopes. 
Some  days  they  play  by  the  tall  gate  in 

the  wall  near  the  lake. 
It  is  warm  and  sunny  there. 
They  often  go  to  the  mill  and  play  on  the 

mossy  plank  over  the  water. 
To-day  they  sprang  over  rocks  and  bushes. 
They  rushed  down  the  hill  singing  as  hard 

as  they  could. 


ap-  ea  r  ee- 

cap 

chap 

ea- 

clap 

pea 

flap 

plea 

flapping 

sea 

gap 

tea 

kidnap 

kidnaper 

ee- 

kidnaping 

bee 

lap 

flee 

map 

glee 

nap 

Greece 

rap 

see 

sap 

trees 

scrap 

wee 

slap 

snap 

strapping 

tap 

tapping 

trap 

wrap 

ix-    ung- 

fix 

fixed 

ung- 

fixing 

flung 

fixture 

hung 

mix 

rung 

mixes 

stung 

mixing 

wrung 

mixture 

sung 

mixtures 

sprung 

six 

sixteen 

sixth 

sixpence 

sixty 

Lesson  No.  43. 

When  the  clang  of  the  bell  told  the  child- 
ren that  it  was  play-time,  they  sprang 
for  their  caps  and  mittens. 

They  strap  on  their  skates  and  run  for  the 
lake. 

They  rush  down  the  long  hill  slope  to  the 
mill  dam. 

They  saw  a  large  black  fox  in  the  bushes. 

They  do  not  fear  him  for  they  have  Jack 

,     with  them. 

The  fox  sprang  over  a  mossy  log  and  loped 
down  the  bank. 

He  fears  that  the  children  will  catch  him. 

They  clap  their  hands  to  see  him  running 
away. 

Jack  wishes  to  catch  him. 


Lesson  No.  44. 

A  bee  was  flitting  from  flower  to  flower. 
Jack  snapped  at  it  and  it  stung  him  on  the 

nose. 
Jack  is  a  kind  old  dog,  and  Nat  will  watch 

that  no  more  bees  sting  him. 
Nat  never  slaps  or  scolds  him. 
I  thing  Jack  will  not  snap  at  any  more  bees. 
There  is   stagnant  water  near  the  bog  so 

the  children  go  over  to  a  patch  of  shade 

by  some  tall  bushes,  near  a  bright  little 

rill. 
The  little  rill  dashes  over  the  rocks. 
Its  waters  flash  in  the  sun. 
Nat  likes  to  watch  the  rill. 
Jack  thinks  of  the  bee  and  does  not  like  it. 


19 


or-  ord-  ork-;  -orn- 


cord 

orn- 

for 

adorn 

fork 

born 

forth 

corn 

hord 

corner 

horse 

forlorn 

nor 

horn 

north 

morning 

northern 

scorn 

pork 

scorning 

shortest 

shorn 

torch 

thorn 

torn 

Lesson  No.  45. 

The  children  will  take  their  lunch  to-day 

for  they  are  all  going  to  the  forest. 
They   will  take  pies   and   fruit  and  bread 

and  meat. 
They  will  bring  cold  water  from  the  bright 

little    rill    which    runs    down    the    slope 

over  the  mill  wheel. 
Jack  is  with  them. 
Jack  dashes  over  fallen  logs  and  through 

the  brush. 
He  thinks  he  will  catch  the  black  fox  he 

saw  yesterday. 
It    is    a    bright    morning  and  they  are  all 

happy  and  singing. 
They  take  the  short  way  to  the  lake. 


ide-  y  (i)- 

bride 

y-ye-yi- 

bridegroom 

buy 

brides-maid 

buyer 

glide 

buying 

hide 

by 

pride 

dry 

ride 

fly 

slide 

fry 

stride 

frying 

my 

ply 

shy 

sly 

spy 

spry 

sty 

try 

trying 

why 

Americans 

Foreigners 

Indians 

people 

Lesson  No.  46. 

It  is  nice  in  the  forest. 

The  children  play  Indian. 

Nan    and    Nell    and    little    Nat    are    white 

people. 
Sam  is  an  Indian. 
Nell  hides  behind  tall  trees  and  Nan  and 

Nat    and    Jack    get    down    behind    some 

bushes  near  the  bank. 
Sam  has  a  black  and  white  blanket  around 

him. 
He  is  a  big  Indian  man  and  will  kill  Nan 

and  little  Nat  if  he  can  catch  them. 
He  will  cut  off  Nell's  hair  if  he  gets  her. 
Nell  says  "Hush,  he  is  coming." 
Sam  thinks  that  he  will  kidnap  little  Nat 

and  wrap  him  up  in  his  black  and  white 

blanket   and   strap   him   on  his  big  red 

horse. 
He  will  lope  down  the  long  hill  slope  to 

the  old  thatched  hut  near  the  mill  dam. 
Sam  will  make  Nell  buy  Nat  back,  if  he 

catches  him. 
They  keep  very  still    for  they  do  not  wish 

to  be  kidnapped. 
It  is  a  fine  game. 


20 


ad-     unch- 

bad 

clad 

unch- 

fad 

bunch 

gad 

bunches 

glad 

haunches 

gladden 

launch 

lad 

launching 

mad 

lunch 

madam 

munch 

mad-house 

staunch 

Madonna 

punch 

pad 

paddle 

padlock 

sad 

shad 

tad 

tadpole 

en-     op- 

den 

hen 

op- 

men 

chop 

pen 

crop 

ten 

drop 

wren 

flop 

hop 

blacken 

lop 

chicken 

mop 

frozen 

pop 

lighten 

stop 

oven 

stopped 

quicken 

seven 

sudden 

sweeten 

tighten 

wooden 

written 

ick-     im- 

brick 

im- 

click 

brim 

Dick 

dim 

lick 

glimmer 

pickel 

Jim 

pickerel 

limb 

ticket 

primer 

quick 

simmer 

sick 

slim 

slick 

slimmest 

thicket 

trim 

trick 

trimmer 

trimming 

Lesson  No.  47. 

When  the  children  had  played  Indian  for 
a  long  time  they  thought  they  would 
play  mad  dog. 

Jack  thought  this  was  great  fun. 

He  ran  at  them  and  barked. 

He  rushed  through  the  dry  brush  and 
around  trees  and  over  fallen  logs  until 
the  dark  forest  rang  with  their  gladness. 

Jack  sprang  at  the  lads  again  and  again  in 
fun. 

He  likes  this  game  best  of  all. 


Lesson  No.  48. 

The    children    have    stopped    playing    for 

awhile. 
They  are  all  hungry. 
They  sit  down  under  a  large  pine  tree  and 

,eat  their  lunch. 
They  play  that  it  is  supper  time. 
Nell  cuts  a  slice  of  bread  and  butter  for 

Nat. 
Sam  puts  his  fork  in  a  slice  of  cake. 
Nell  baked  this  cake  so  he  thinks  it  will 

be  good. 
Sam    does    not    like    corn    bread    or    pork 

chops. 
He  likes  nice  pie  or  ripe  fruit  best. 
They  are  all  hungry  after  their  long  play. 
They  all  like  to  play  in  the  forest. 


Lesson  No.  49. 

It  has  been  a  fine  picnic  but  the  children 
are  thinking  of  going  home  now. 

It  is  still  early  but  they  wish  to  go  by 
farmer  Jim's  to  get  a  cup  of  butter-milk. 

Farmer  Jim  has  a  big  crop  of  corn  which 
he  is  cutting. 

He  will  stop  his  work  and  take  the  child- 
ren to  the  milk-house. 

Sam  has  a  cup  filled  to  the  brim. 

He  wishes  that  he  had  the  corn  bread  that 
he  would  not  eat  in  the  forest. 

He  says  that  corn  bread  is  good  with  but- 
ter-milk. 


21 


ed-    ug- 


bed 

ug- 

bled 

bug 

fed 

chug 

Fred 

drug 

led 

dug 

Ned 

pug 

red 

rug 

reddish 

slug 

redness 

snug 

shed 

struggle 

Ted 

tug 

wedding 

tugging 

ugly 

cheeks 

chin 

eyes; 

eyebrows 

eyelashes 

eyelids 

hair 

lips 

mouth 

nose 

skin 

tongue 

Lesson  Xo.  50. 

The  sun  hung  like  a  great  red  ball  in  the 

sky  when  the  children  struggled  up  the 

last  hillslope  and  through  the  gate  at 

home. 
It  had  been  a  happy  day  but  now  they  are 

glad  to  be  at  home  again. 
Little  Nat  has  a  sack  with  a  funny  bug  on 

some  dry  moss. 
He  dug  the  moss  up  by  the  big  pine  tree 

where  they  had  their  lunch. 
The  bug  he  caught  by  a  tall  thick  bush 

near  farmer  Jim's  corn  patch. 
Sam  calls  it  a  slug  in  a  bag  but  Nell  says 

it  is  a  snug  little  bug  in  a  rug. 
They  are  all  glad  they  went. 


Lesson  No.  51. 

east-    oy-    ump- 

It  is  Easter  Sunday  and  the  children  are 

going  to  church. 
The  church  bell  rang  an  hour  ago. 
The  boys  went  to  the  lake. 
They   thought   they   might   pick   some   red 

and   white  roses  in  the  little  lake-side 

park. 
The  roses  are  for  a  little  sick  friend. 
She  has  not  many  toys  to  play  with. 
When  the  children  bring  her  the  roses  she 

will  trim  her  hat  with  them. 
She  sits  out  in  the  sun  as  much  as  she  can. 
She  can  not  jump  and  run  for  she  is  thin 

and  lame. 


beast 

ump 

east 

Easter 

clump 

Easter-eggs 

dump 

eastern 

hump 

eastward 

jump 

feast 

lump 

feasting 

plump 

least 

pump 

yeast 

rump 

thumb 

oy- 

annoy 

boy 

- 

boyish 

enjoy 

joy 

loyal 

oyster 

Roy 

toy 

voyage 

22 


liesson  Xo.  52. 


ax-    ub- 

UBt- 

bar 

car 

far 

bust 

farther 

dust 

garden 

crust 

gardener 

custard-pie 

jar 

duster 

mar 

dusting 

scar 

dusty- 

scarlet 

gust 

star 

gusty 

hustle 

ub- 

just 

dub 

justice 

grub 

justice-court 

lubber 

luster 

rub 

lust 

rubber 

lusty 

rubbing 

lustily 

scrub 

must 

stub 

mustard 

stubble 

mustard-seed 

stubborn 

musty 

tub 

trustworthy 

Nell  can  not  go  with  the  boys  to-day. 

She  must  stay  at  home  and  work. 

She   must   dust  and   scrub   and   bake  and 

mend. 
She  likes  to  do  her  work  well. 
Nell  is  very  plump  and  strong. 
She  enjoys  such  work  as  brushing  the  dust 

from  the  slender  jars   and   dusting  the 

dear  little  cups  and  the  pretty  toy  fans 

that  Uncle  Fred  has  in  his  big  sea-chest. 

Uncle  Fred  has  many  large  boxes  and 

chests. 
They  came  from  far  countries. 
He  is  a  sea-faring  man,  and  makes  long 

voyages. 
He  enjoys  a  trip  on  a  brig  or  a  ship. 


amp-    ax-    ot- 


damp 

ot- 

lamp 

pamper 

forgotten 

scamper 

hot 

scampering 

lottery 

stamp 

not 

tramp 

pot 

pottery 

ax- 

rot 

bees-wax 

rotten 

flax 

flaxen 

Max 

tax 

taxes 

wax 

waxen 

Lesson  Xo.  53. 

Nell  will  make  wax  flowers  to-day. 

She  will  make  them  like  the  garden  flow- 
ers not  like  the  hot  house  flowers. 

She  will  make  roses  and  lilies. 

She  got  the  wax  from  the  miller  who  has 
a  lot  of  bees. 

She  put  the  bees-wax  in  a  pot  and  let  it 
get  hot. 

Then  she  molded  it  in  the  form  of  roses 
and  lilies  and  pansies. 


1ft- 


um- 


drift 

um- 

drifted 

bumble 

drifting 

dumb 

gift 

drum 

lift 

glum 

lifting 

gum 

rift 

humble 

shift 

lumber 

swift 

plum 

swiftly 

slumber 

'tumbler 

Lesson  Xo.  54. 

Nell  likes  candy  and  nuts  and  gum. 

She  has  a  lot  of  peaches  .and  plums. 

The  plums  are  too  ripe  and  soon  will  be 
rotten. 

Nell  gave  them  to  Sam  and  he  put  them 
out  in  the  park  for  the  blackbirds  to  eat. 

Nell  says  that  she  loves  the  little  dove  be- 
cause it  is  so  humble. 

She  lifts  it  in  her  hands. 

Nat  made  Nell  a  gift  of  It. 

It  is  very  sweet  and  gentle. 


23 


Lesson  No.  55. 


age  -  In  ■ 

-  cok  - 

rage 

pin 

book 

page 

sin 

look 

sage 

fin 

took 

stage 

finish 

cook 

gage 

din 

nook 

age 

dinner 

shook 

aged 

sinner 

looking-glass 

agent 

chin 

brook 

agency 

thin 

brooklet 

When  Sam  had  finished  the  last  page  in  his  story-book,  he  took 
a  look  at  his  fish-hooks  and  lines.  He  intends  to  go  fishing  tomorrow. 
Nat  will  go  with  him.  Sam  thinks  that  they  will  cook  all  the  fish  that 
are  caught.  He  will  make  a  fire  in  the  forest  and  they  will  fry  the 
fish  there.  Sam  thinks  that  he  can  make  a  fine  camp  near  that  tall 
stack  of  lumber. 

Little  Nat  thinks  it  will  be  a  sin  to  fry  the  pretty  fish.  Sam  grins 
and  says  that  the  fish  have  not  been  caught  yet. 


Lesson  No.  56. 


aunt  -  ew  -  itch  -  ive. 


aunt 

dew 

ditch 

hive 

daunt 

few 

pitch 

dive 

flaunt 

new 

stitch 

five 

haunt 

grew 

itching 

knives 

haunted 

flew 

switch 

lives 

jaunt 

pew 

pitcher 

thrive 

jaunty 

stew 

pitch-dark 

strive 

saunter 

newness 

pitch-fork 

striving 

sauntering 

yew-tree 

stitching 

thriving 

Little  Nat  is  only  five  years  of  age.  He  was  playing  near  the  bee- 
hive, yesterday.  He  was  digging  in  the  sand  on  the  bank  of  the  ditch. 
He  had  his  new  shovel.  The  bees  ahunt  that  bank  for  it  is  covered 
with  clover  and  daisies  which  lift  their  tiny  pink  faces  to  the  warm 
sunshine. 

Nat  went  to  lift  a  shovel  full  of  sand  into  his  little  red  wagon 
when  a  bumble-bee  stung  him  on  his  small  fat  hand. 

He  ran  crying  to  Nell.  She  took  him  into  the  house  and  put 
some  water  on  it. 

Nat  was  in  a  fearful  rage  at  the  bees.  Nell  tells  him  that  he  is 
wrong,  for  the  bees  can  not  think  so  did  not  intend  to  harm  him. 

Nat  takes  a  long  switch  when  he  returns  to  his  play  at  the  ditch. 
He  thinks  it  will  daunt  the  bees  and  keep  them  from  stinging  him. 
He  says  he  will  wear  gloves  to-morrow. 


24 


aw-    uck- 

caw 

arithmetic 

claw 

examples 

dawn 

feet 

fawn 

foot 

law 

figures 

lawyer 

measure 

lawn 

mile 

paw 

numbers 

raw 

inch 

saw 

paper 

shawl 

pencil 

sprawl 

problems 

straw 

rod 

strawberry 

slate 

thaw 

yard 

uck- 

buck 

buckboard 

bucket 

bucking 

duck 

duckling 

luck 

luckily 

luckiest 

lucky 

muck-fork 

suck 

stuck 

truck 

truck-man 

liesson  No.  57. 


Nan's  cat  has  five  little  kittens. 

They  are  too  small  to  play  with  yet. 

It  will  be  nine  days  before  they  can  see  to 

eat  or  play. 
They    sprawl    all    over   the   nest    and    paw 

their  mother. 
They  have  a  bed  of  straw  . 
Nell  puts  an  old  shawl  under  them  to  make 

their  bed  nice  and  warm. 
Sam   runs  for  a  pan   of  new  milk.      It  Is 

warm  and  frothy,  but  the  kittens  are  too 

little  to  lap  it  up. 
Mama-kitty  eats  it. 
Nat  wants  to  take  them  out  on  the  lawn 

to  play. 


12  inches  make  a  foot. 
3  feet  make  a  yard. 
5%   yards  make  one  rod. 
320  rods  make  one  mile. 


(ai-a) 


Lesson  No.  58. 


aid-     ail- 

aim- 

afraid 

ain- 

braid 

chain 

laid 

contain 

maid 

drain 

maiden 

explain 

paid 

gain 

slain 

ail- 

main 

fail 

pain 

frail 

paint 

hail 

painter 

mail 

plain 

nail 

quaint 

pail 

saint 

quail 

sprain 

rail 

stain 

sail 

train 

snail 

tail 

The  children  are  playing  a  new  gv.me  to- 
day. 

They  are  on  the  lawn  in  front  of  the  bouse. 

They  have  a  saw  and  a  hammer  and  some 
nails. 

Sam  is  the  finest  kind  of  a  carenter. 

He  has  good  luck  in  sawing  straight. 

He  can  hit  the  nail  almost  every  time. 

He  does  not  fail  very  often. 

They  are  going  to  make  a  house  for  the 
mama  cat  and  her  five  little  kittens. 


25 


Lesson  No.  59. 


ace  -  each  >  ould. 


laces 

each 

would 

Grace 

beach 

could 

grace 

teach 

should 

brace 

bleach 

couldn't 

lace 

peach 

wouldn't 

race 

reach 

shouldn't 

pace 

teacher 

can 

place 

preacher 

will 

trace 

teaching 

shall 

face 

preaching 

can  not 

space 

peaches 

will  not 

spaces 

reaching 

shall  not 

The  boys  have  been  running  a  race.  Nat  set  the  pace  and  Sam 
kept  up  with  him.  When  they  reached  the  beach  they  were  quite  out 
of  breath  and  willing  to  sit  still  and  rest  for  a  while. 

Nell  and  her  little  friend,  Grace  came  earlier.  Nell  brought  Nat's 
pail  and  shovel,  and  now  he  is  digging  in  the  sand. 

Nell  is  teaching  him  to  trace  his  name  on  the  shore  out  of  reach 
of  the  water. 

Nell  is  a  good  teacher. 


eam-    eem-    ood- 


beam 

ood- 

cream 

food 

dream 

good 

gleam 

goodly 

scheam 

goodness 

steam 

hood 

team 

hooded 

hoodwink 

eem-  . 

.n     stood 

green 

wood 

screen 

wooden 

seem 

wood-pile 

sieen 

wood-box 

sheen 

wood-shed 

Lesson  No.  60. 


Nell  is  learning  to  cook. 

She  can  bake  bread  and  make  yeast. 

She  says  that  if  Sam  will  start  a  fire  on  the 

beach  she  will  steam  some  clams. 
The  children  like  this  kind  of  a  feast. 
They  always  bring  a '  few  slices  of  bread 

and  butter  and  sometimes  a  bucket  of 

ripe  peaches  and  plums. 
Sam  gets  a  lot  of  rotten  wood  and  starts  a 

fire. 
Dick  the  dog  seems  afraid  for  he  puts  his 

tail  down  and  runs  away. 
Little  Nat  races  after  him. 
Nell  says  that  steamed  clams  are  good  food 

for  hungry  children. 


26 


er-  Ir-  ur- 

Bert 

ir- 

clerk 

birch 

fern 

bird 

her 

dirt 

infer 

first 

jerk 

girl 

perch 

girlish 

pert 

girlishness 

verse 

skirt 

were 

thirsty 

whirl 

ur- 

curl 

curve 

fur 

hurt 

nurse 

purr 

surf 

turn 

oi-    ry- 

anoint 

ry- 

broil 

berry 

boil 

burly 

choice 

carry 

coil 

curry 

coin 

curry-comb 

hoist 

dreary 

join 

every 

joint 

fairy 

moist 

furry 

noisy- 

Harry 

pointer 

hungry 

soil 

hurry 

spoil 

merry 

toil 

sorry 

voice 

starry 

story 

very 

art-    eat- 

eet- 

art 

eat 

artist 

beat 

dart 

cheat 

part 

feat 

party 

meat 

smart 

heat 

starting 

neat 

startling 

seat 

treat 

eet- 

beet 

feet 

greet 

greeted 

greeting 

meet 

sheet 

sleet 

Lesson  Xo.  61. 

When  the  clams  have  steamed  enough  Nell 
takes  them  from  the  fire  and  they  all  sit 
down  to  eat. 

Sam  burns  his  fingers  the  first  thing. 

He  says  it  does  not  hurt  much. 

He  is  hungry  and  thirsty  too. 

Eick  wants  a  place  at  the  table. 

He  puts  his  nose  into  the  pail  of  clams. 

Sam  calls  to  him  sternly  and  he  turns  away. 

The  clams  are  good. 

They  are  well  cooked. 


Lesson  No.  62. 

Sam  did  not  want  to  be  so  stern  to  Dick 
when  he  called  to  him  in  that  sharp 
voice,  but  he  did  not  want  him  to  spoil 
the  clams. 

Dick  is  a  pointer  and  likes  birds. 

He  will  jerk  one  out  of  the  water  when  his 

'  little  master  shoots  it  and  it  falls  into 
the  lake. 

Nell  put  on  her  shawl  and  Sam  and  Nat 
took  the  buckets  and  shovels  and,  saying 
good-bye  to  Grace,  they  went  home. 

When  they  reached  the  rail  fence  by  farmer 
Jim's  corn  patch  they  saw  a  brace  of 
ducks. 

Sam  jerked  his  shot-gun  into  place  but  the 
ducks  flew  away  before  he  could  shoot. 

Sam  is  sorry  they  were  not  nearer. 

Lesson  No.  63. 

The  children  are  down  by  the  brook  to-day. 
A  tall  birch  tree  makes  a  fine  shade  just 

where  their  mossy  seat  is. 
Little  Nat  wants  to  wade  but  the  water  is 

too  cold. 
Nell  tells  him  to  pick   some  wild   flowers 

and   trade    them    to    her    for    a    pile   of 

cookies. 
A  few  brake  ferns  are  on  the  bank  by  the 

tall  straight  pine. 
A  bird   flew  out  of  its  nest  of  sticks  and 

moss  and  sped  away. 
The  children  did  not  mean  to  frighten  it. 


27 


Lesson  Xo.  64. 

ust  -  ass  -  ue 

must  pass  blue 

bust  glass  bluer 

rust  lass  cruel 

dust  class  cruelly 

lust  brass  flue 

just  assistant  hue 

justice  assistance  rue 

Nell  la  thirsty.  She  wishes  she  had  a  glass  of  water.  Sam  likes 
to  be  of  assistance,  so  dips  up  a  can  of  cold  sparkling  water  from  the 
brook. 

The  waters  of  the  brook  run  into  a  wide  ditch  from  which  farmer 
Jim  waters  his  corn-patch. 

Farmer  Jim  says  that  if  he  irrigates  his  corn  the  ears  will  be 
large  and  tender. 

Nell  says  that  s;he  can  spell  "irrigate"  and  "irrigating".  Sam  is 
not  sure  that  he  can  spell  as  well  as  Nell,  but  he  is  certain  that  he 
can  eat  more  corn  than  Nell  when  it  is  ripe. 


aft-     ly- 

after 

ly- 

aftermath 

badly 

afternoon 

Billy 

afterthought 

daily 

afterwards 

Dolly 

craft 

hardly 

craftily 

hilly 

daft 

jelly 

draft 

jolly 

drafting 

lovely 

graft 

nearly 

grafters 

only 

raft 

partly 

rafters 

sadly 

shaft 

silly 

Taft 

slowly 

waft 

snugly 

wafted 

ugly 

wafting 

liesson  No.  65. 

Sam  has  been  working  with  his  saw  and 

hammer  all  day. 
He  is  making  a  raft. 
After  it  is  finished  he  and  Nat  will  take  it 

to  the  lake  and  have  a  jolly  time. 
Sam  will  hoist  the  flag  on  it  as  soon  as  they 

reach  the  beach. 
Sam  pushes  off  from  the  shore  very  slowly 

for  the  craft  is  not  skillfully  made  and 

he  fears  it  will  turn  over. 
The  craft  moves  slowly  and  uncertainly. 
Sam  will  not  take  Nat  or  Nell  for  a  sail 

for  there  is  too  much  danger. 


28 


ube-ude-ule- 

•une-ure-  use-ut< 

tube 

use- 

tuber 

abuse 

tuberose 

bruise 

contuse 

ude- 

fuse 

nude 

muse 

prude 

mused 

rude 

use 

rudely 

useful 

rudeness 

used 

ule- 

ute- 

mule 

brute 

mule-team 

flute 

rule 

lute 

ruler 

mute 

yule-tide 

salute 

une- 

tune 

prune 

ure 

allure 

capture 

mixture 

cure 

moisture 

cured 

murine 

demure 

picture 

endure 

picture-frame 

failure 

picturesque 

insure 

pure 

insurance 

sure 

lure 

surely 

L/esson  No.  66. 

Nell  will  not  go  on  the  raft.  She  fears 
that  it  will  turn  over  and  spoil  her  best 
clothes. 

She  sits  on  the  bank  and  holds  a  large  coil 
of  rope.  The  end  of  the  rope  is  fastened 
to  the  raft,  and  some  one  must  hold  it 
flrmly.  The  rope  soils  her  hands  and 
hurts  them  too.  The  raft  jerks  first  to 
one  side  and  then  to  the  other.  Nell  is 
very  brave  and  strong. 

Sam  is  astonished  that  she  can  hold  such 
a  heavy  coil  of  rope  for  such  a  long  time. 

Nell  calls  for  him  to  come  on  shore  for  it 
is  beginning  to  get  dark  and  they  must 
go  home. 

They  will  come  again  to-morrow. 


out  -  ess  -  ad 

snout 

about 

gout 

pout 

lout 

trout 

shout 

sprout 

rout 

outer 

outbound 

outside 

outshine 

outline 

outing 


Lesson  No.  67. 

Bess 

mess 

Jess 

dress 

press 

lesson 

guessing 

sickness 

kindness 

fondness 

willingness 

stubbornness 

slowness 

pressing 

dressing 


bad 

sad 

mad 

glad 

fad 

pad 

gad 

paddle 

padlock 

saddle 

tadpole 

gladden 

madam 

Madonna 

madhouse 


That  is  little  Nat  shouting.  He  has  caught  a  trout  and  is  making 
a  great  fuss  about  it.  He  went  to  the  brook  about  an  hour  ago.  Nell 
tells  him  that  a  tadpole  is  only  half  as  long  as  this  trout. 

She  says  that  she  will  cook  it  for  his  supper,  if  he  wishes  her  to. 

Nat  likes  to  see  the  fish  in  the  frying  pan. 


29 


Lesson  No.  68. 


ard  -  ask  -ass  -  orn. 


bard 

Alaska 

muss 

corn 

lard 

cask 

cuss 

corner 

hard 

bask 

fuss 

born 

card 

ask 

buss 

torn 

harder 

asking 

fussy 

thorn 

larder 

basket 

fussily 

scorning 

pardon 

casket 

Gussie 

horn 

pardonable 

flask 

tussle 

morning 

yard 

masker 

musselfish 

shorn 

yard-stick 

pocket-flask 

puss 

adorn 

hardship 

masking 

pussy 

(cat) 

forlorn 

Just  out  side  the  yard  in  the  corner  of  the  fence  is  a  large  green 
bush  with  pink  flowers  on  it. 

Nell  reached  for  a  flower  and  scratched  her  hand  on  a  thorn  .  It 
was  not  an  easy  task  to  keep  from  crying,  but  Nell  thinks  she  is  too 
old  a  girl  for  tears. 

Lesson  No.  69. 

Sam  asks  Nell  to  take  two  loaves  of  bread 

and  some  slices  of  cold  roast  pork  and 

some  ripe  fruit  and  pack  them  in  a  large 

basket. 
They  are  going  to  the  lake  for  a  picnic. 
They  will  have  Harry*  boat  and  will  float 

out  to  where  the  fish  will  bite  well. 
Nell  is  not  afraid  in  a  boat  for  she  is  a 

good  sailor. 
She  will  sit  in  the  stern  of  the  boat. 
Nat  can  hoist  the  flag  and  make  as  much 

noise  as  he  wishes. 
Nell  says  he  will  hurt  his  throat  shouting 

so  loudly. 
She   says   he   roars    like   the   surf   on   the 

beach. 
They  hope  to  catch  plenty  of  fish  to  fry. 


iss-    oa- 

bliss 

boat 

hiss 

cloak 

kiss 

coach 

kisses 

coat 

miss 

float 

missel 

gloat 

missing 

goad 

mission 

goal 

misspell 

groan 

missend 

loan 

misstatement  moan 

mistaken 

moat 

misunderstandoatmeal 

oats 

rolled-oats 

roach 

road 

roar 

soap 

soapsuds 

throat 

toad 

toadstool 

toast 

arch-    sy- 

zy- 

anarchist 

zy- 

anarchy 

cozy 

arch 

crazy 

arches 

dizzy 

Archie 

fuzzy 

larch  (a   tree)  lazy 

march 

mazy 

parch 

citizen 

starch 

idler 

laborer 

sy- 

merchants 

daisy 

pupils 

posy 

sailor 

rosy 

students 

teachers 

Lesson  No.  70. 

It  is  evening  and  the  sky  is  full  of  rosy 
lights. 

The  children  are  marching  home  from  their 
picnic  by  the  lake. 

Nell  says  it  makes  her  dizzy  to  look  up  at 
the  arches  of  red  and  golden  light  made 
by  the  setting  sun. 

A  big  green  toad  sits  by  the  roadside  and 
croaks  as  they  pass. 

Nell  tells  Nat  that  the  little  toa;ds  are  call- 
ing "Katy  did — Katy  did." 

Nell  tells  him  that  they  all  sing  on  a  sum- 
mer evening. 

Nell  holds  Nat's  hand  for  he  is  sleepy  as 
well  as  tired. 
30 


ex-    ounce- 
exact 
exactly 
exchange 
excite 
excitement 
excuse 
exercise 
explain 
explaining 
express 
extend 
extending 


ounce  - 
bounce 
bouncing 
denounce 
renounce 
flounce 
flouncing 
ounces 
pounce 
pouncing 
pronounce 
pronouncing 
renounce 


liesson  No.  71. 

The  children  are  playing  house-keeping  to- 
day. 

Nell  is  the  little  house-keeper  and  buys  her 
groceries  from  Sam. 

She  buys  an  ounce  of  pepper  and  a  bar  of 
soap  and  some  lard. 

Sam  is  a  good  merchant  and  Nell  expects 
to  get  exact  weight. 

She  explains  to  Sam  that  his  groceries 
must  be  exchanged  if  she  finds  they  are 
not  first  class  goods. 

Sam  gets  very  much  excited  trying  to  ex- 
plain that  he  carries  only  the  best  class 
of  groceries. 

He  claims  that  he  carries  excellent  groce- 
ries which  he  sells  at  cash  prices. 


liesson  No.  72. 

dii  -ole  -  ny. 

disappoint 

hole 

funny 

disappointment 

mole 

rainy 

discard 

pole 

pony 

discharge 

role 

downy 

dismay 

sole 

Jenny 

display 

knot-hole 

Benny 

distinctly 

mole-hill 

sunny 

distress 

doleful 

penny 

disturb 

stolen 

Fanny 

Little  Nat  Is  the  expressman  and  brings  Nell  the  groceries  she 
has  ordered  from  Sam. 

He  is  running  fast  and  does  not  stop  quickly  enough.  The  pole 
of  his  little  red  wagon  pokes  into  a  pile  of  boxes. 

The  boxes  form  Nell's  kitchen.  Nell  does  not  like  to  be  disturbed 
so  scolds  Nat  for  his  carelessness. 

Nat  is  dismayed  for  he  fears  that  Sam  will  discharge  him.  He 
trys  to  explain  just  how  It  happened. 

Nell  says  that  she  will  excuse  him  this  time.  She  pays  for  the 
things  that  he  brought  with  a  bright  new  penny. 

When  Nat  was  running  to  deliver  the  goods,  the  bar  of  soap 
bounced  out  of  the  bed  of  the  wagon. 

Nat  feels  dismayed  for  Sam  will  be  disappointed  in  him  as  an  ex- 
pressman. 

liesson  No.  73. 
aught  -  ought  -  use. 

caught 

naught 

naughty 

haughty 

haughtily 

naughtiness 

slaughter 

haughtiness 

This  is  a  very  useful  game  as  it  teaches  the  children  to  count 
quickly. 

Nell  sometimes  buys  the  fraction  of  an  ounce.  This  is  really 
naughty,  because  Sam  can  not  count  as  quickly  as  she  can. 

It  disturbes  him  and  makes  him  feel  very  much  ashamed.  He  in- 
tends to  study  very  hard  this  winter,  in  school,  so  that  Nell  will  not 
outdo  him  in  sums  next  winter. 


bought 

use 

sought 

fuse 

fought 

muse 

wrought 

useful 

ought 

abuse 

boughten 

bruise 

brought 

mused 

wrought-iron 

contuse 

useful  game  as 

it 

teaches 

the 

children  to 

31 


ect- 

collected 

collection 

collector 

correct 

dialect 

election 

intellect 

intellectual 

Intellectually 

lecture 

lecturer 

recollect 

recollection 

reject 

select 

selection 


Lesson  No.  74. 

Sometimes  Sam  is  the  collector  and  comes 

for  Nell  to  pay  him  for  the  groceries. 
He  plays  that  he  is  a  German  with  quite  a 

dialect. 
They  often  get  into  heated  discussions  over 

the  bill. 
Sam  never  fails  to  give  her  a  good  lecture 

on    the    bad    habit    of    letting    accounts 

stand  unpaid. 
Sometimes  she  finds  an  error  in  the  account 

and  Sam  has  to  correct  it. 
She   can   always   recollect   if  she   has   had 

to    reject    any    parcels    and    select    new 

ones,  or  if  there  has  been  any  change  in 

the   original   account. 
It  is  an  amusing  as  well  as  an  intellectual 

game. 


Lesson  No.  75. 


ow     - 


mow 

show 

arrow 

elbow 

grow 

shown 

tallow 

fellow 

grown 

know 

shallow 

follow 

bow 

known 

shadow 

sparrow 

blow 

knowing 

narrow 

willow 

blown 

snow 

pillow 

yellow 

slow 

snowing 

minnow 

flown 

slowly 

snow-ball 

mellow 

unknown 

crow 

throw 

meadow 

yellower 

crovv'ing 

thrown 

lower 

narrower 

The  children  are  playing  under  the  willow  tree  to-day.  The  willow 
grows  in  the  narrow  strip  of  meadow  just  below  the  house. 

A  shallow  stream  flows  close  by.  There  are  little  minnows  in  the 
stream.  Nat  cuts  a  willow  branch  and  ties  a  crooked  pin  to  a  string 
and  throws  it  into  the  water.  He  always  wants  to  fish  when  ever  he 
comes  near  water  of  any  kind. 

He  is  a  dear  little  fellow  with  blue  eyes  and  yellow  curls.  Nell 
Is  always  kind  to  him. 


com- 

combat 

combative 

combativeneea 

combine 

combustive 

comet 

comic 

comical 

command 

commander 

commandingly 

commemorate 

commence 

commencement 


commend 

comment 

commerce 

commit 

committee 

common 

commonly 


complain 

complaining 

complete 

complex 

compliment 

comply 

compose 


communicate  compound 
commute  comprise 

compact  compute 

comparison       comrade 


Lesson  No.  76. 

When  Nat  has  finished  Nell  makes  a  cocked 
hat  for  him. 

Nat  likes  to  play  that  he  is  the  commander 
of  a  large  army. 

He  usually  carries  a  sword  and  wears  a 
cocked  hat  to  show  that  he  is  the  com- 
mander. 

Sam  is  the  head  officer  and  gave  him  the 
commandership. 

Nat  gives  the  commands  in  a  very  stern 
voice,  which  sounds  quite  comical  com- 
ing from  such  a  dear  little  fellow. 

He  and  Nell  are  great  comrades. 

Nell  never  laughs  at  him. 


alk-     adge-edge-idge- 

balk 

balking  idge- 

chalk  bridge 

stalk  fidget 

talk  fidgety 

talked  midge 

talking  ridge 

walk 

walked 

walking 

Adge- 
badge 
badgeless? 
badger 
Madge 

edge- 
acknowledgment 
edge 
fledge 
hedge 
ledge 

knowledge 
pledge 
sedge 
sledge 

sledge-hammer 
wedge 


Lesson  No.  77. 

The  meadows  are  full  of  daisies  and  dan- 
delions. 
They  are  white  and  yellow  and  pink. 
The   children    play   near   the   edge   of   the 

bridge   where   an   old   badger   has   made 

his  hole  in  the  soft  sand. 
They  have  been  talking  of  the  strange  way 

he  always   commences  his  underground 

lodge. 
Sam    walked   near   the   edge   of   the   baijk 

which  commanded  a  view  of  the  badger's 

hole   and   there  he  caught  sight   of  the 

badger  himself. 
Sam  called  to  Nell  and  Nat  to  look. 
The  badger  heard  him,  and  looking  around 

in  a  confused  way,  for  a  moment,  darted 

into    his    hole. 
The  children  cried  out  excitedly  for  him  to 
s*^op,  but  he  darted  over  the  edge  of  the 
ridge  and  disappeared. 


ool-    some- 
cool 
cooler 
fool 
foolish 
foolishness 
school 
schooling 
schoolhouse 


some- 
handsome 
handsomely 
/handsomeness 
lonesome 
lonesomeness 
somebody 
somehow 


schoolmaster   somerset 
ischoolmistresasomething 


spool 

stool 

tool 

scholar 

scholarship 

coughs 

cries 

groans 

howls 

laments 

laughs 

lisps 

moans 

screams 

sighs 

sings 

sneezes 

stammers 

stutters 

weeps 


sometime 

somewhat 

somewhere 

tiresome 

winsome 

winsomeness 


Lesson  No.78. 

When  Sam  came  back  from  watching  the 
badger  he  had  both  hands  full  of  flowers. 

They  all  sat  down  in  the  shade  of  the  wil- 
low and  made  a  chain  of  pink  and  white 
daisies  for  Nell. 

After  they  had  placed  the  daisy  chain 
around  her  neck  and  crowned  her  with 
a  wreath  of  yellow  flowers,  they  started 
some  music. 

Nell  sang  a  lot  of  pretty  school  songs  and 
Sam  blew  on  a  willow  fife  or  whistle. 

Little  Nat  beat  his  drum  and  Dick  howled. 
They  were  very  noisy  children. 


ble-dle- 

ow- 

feeble 

brow 

marble 

browbeat 

sable 

brown 

stable 

browner 

table 

brown-bread 

table-cloth 

brownish 

bridle 

browse 

cradle 

cow 

girdle 

coward 

idle 

cowardice 

ladle 

cowardly 

needle 

cow-catcher 

cowlick 

cowslip 

crown 

drown 

flower 

frown 

howls 

mow 

now 

row 

towel 

gown 

Lesson  No.  79. 

Nell  takes  off  her  crown  of  yellow  dande- 
lions and  smooths  her  sleke  brown  hair. 

She  takes  some  sweet  cowslips  anJ  trims 
her  hat  with  them. 

It  will  soon  be  time  to  go  home. 

The  old  red  cow  is  browsing  on  the  other 
side  of  the  meadow. 

Sam  will  drive  her  home  with  them  when 
they  go. 

The  hired  man  will  milk  her  when  they 
reach  the  stable. 

Little  Nat  asks  if  hisi  cowhide  shoes  were 
made  from  the  skin  of  an  old  red  cow 
like  their  bossy. 

He  seems  quite  interested  in  all  Nell  tells 
him  about  cowhide  and  leather  goods. 

Nat  is  anxious  to  learn.  He  is  always 
asking  Sam  and  Nell  questions. 


34 


tion-  (shun)- 

ambition 

attention 

auction 

auctioneer 

celebration 

combination 

combustion 

commemoration 

commutation 

conception 

junction 

mention 

motion 

question 

section 

station 

vacation 

fraction 

fractional 


liesson  No.  80. 

Nell  can  not  always  answer  all  Nat's  ques- 
tions. 

He  always  pays  close  attention  to  her 
answers. 

He  has  a  very  good  conception  of  what  she 
tells  him. 

So  she  always  endeavors  to  answer  in  such 
way  that  he  will  understand. 

They  seldom  play  school  as  many  children 
do. 

They  feel  that  it  is  better  for  them  to  be 
in  motion  during  their  vacation  time. 

They  are  happy  active  children. 

They  romp  and  run  but  never  fidget. 


ale-  age- 
bale 
hale 
male 
pale 

paleness 
palette 
salable 
sale 
tale 

message 

management 

passage 

cabbage 

cabbage-worm 

package 

damage 

sausage 

village 

manage 

courage 

discourage 

encourage 

courageous 

courageously 

carmage 

carriage-horse 

adage 

tonnage 


Lesson  No.  81. 

Sam  is  having  an  auction  sale  to-day. 

He  has  collected  all  the  salable  things  he 
'  could  find  and  has  sent  word  to  Nell  and 
Nat  to  come  and  buy  from  him. 

The  first  thing  he  auctions  off  is  a  package 
of  chocolate-drops. 

It  belongs  to  Nell. 

Sam  found  it  in  her  sewing-bag. 

Little  Nat  bids  one  cent  and  after  crying 
it  several  times  Sam  is  forced  to  give  it 
to  Nat  for  a  cent. 

Nell  will  not  bid  at  all  for  she  feels  very 
indignant  toward  Sam  for  taking  her 
sweet-meats  and   selling  them. 

Sam  thought  it  would  be  a  great  joke  to 
make  Nell  buy  her  own  chocolates. 

He  said  that  the  package  was  damaged 
anyway. 

Next  Sam  auctions  off  Nell's  doll-carriage 
but  she  does  not  care  about  that  for  al- 
though Nat  bought  it  for  five  cents,  she 
knows  that  he  will  return  it  to  her. 

Nell  has  not  bid  at  all  so  far  but  now  that 
Sam  puts  his  box  of  paints  up  for  sale 
and  his  palette  and  brushes  she  bids 
over  Nat  and  gets  them  all  for  ten  cents. 

Sam  thinks  it  is  time  to  stop  now  for  he 
realizes  that  the  joke  is  on  him. 

He  fears  that  Nell  will  not  give  him  back 
his  paints  until  he  buys  her  another  box 
of  chocolates. 


.So 


ast  -  sion-  (shun)- 

astonish 

astonished 

astonishment 

cast 

elastic 

elasticity 

fastening 

last 

mast 

master 

master-piece 

past 

plaster 

excursion 
intermission 
mansion 
mission 
missionary- 
permission 
procession 


Lesson  No.  82. 

It  is  the  4th  of  July  and  the  children  are 
taking  in  the  celebration. 

They  listen  to  the  band  and  watch  the 
long  lines  of  people  in  procession. 

The  village  street  is  decorated  with  flags 
and  bunting  and  arches  of  bright  flowers. 

The  children  have  never  attended  such  a 
fine  celebration  before  and  they  are  as- 
tonished at  the  number  of  people  present 

Little  Nat  has  permission  to  buy  fire- 
works for  the  evening. 

He  wants  to  purchase  them  now  but  Nell 
says  it  will  be  too  much  trouble  to  carry 
them  around  all  day. 

After  watching  the  procession  pass  the 
children  go  over  to  the  merry-go-round 
to  ride  until  it  is  time  to  go  to  the  cir- 
cus tent. 


re  - 

reason 

rebound 

recall 

receive 

reception 

recess 

rechange 

reclaim 

recoil 

reconciler 

recopy 

recount 

recovering 

recovery 

recross 

redeem 

redress 

reduce 

refresh 

refreshments 

regards 

reinstate 

rejoice 

remark 

remarkable 

remain 

remelt 

remember 

remind 

remit 

remittance 

remonstrance 


Lesson  No.  83. 

remorseful  It  is  a  wonderful  circus,  or  so  the  children 

remould  think. 

repay  They  buy  pop-corn  and  candy  and  pink 
reply  lemonade  for  their  noon-day  refresh- 
report  ments. 

repulse  Even  Nell  thinks  it  is  not  necessary  to  re- 
repulsing  strict  their  appetites  on  such  a  glorious 
request  holiday. 

resentment  She  grants  every  request  of  little  Nat's. 
reside  It  is  warm   and   dusty   in   the  circus  tent 
resist  but  the  children  do  not  mind  that 
resisted  There    are    wonderful    trained    dogs    and 
resolve  beautiful  prancing  horses  and  cages  full 
respond  of   strange   interesting  animals, 
responsible  There  are  clowns  with  funny  painted  faces, 
restore  There    are    beautiful    women    who    stand 
restrain  erect   on   their   horses   backs   and   jump 
restrained  through  paper  hoops, 
resound  Nell  watches  them  breathlessly, 
result  She   feels   certain  she    would    never    have 
retain  the  courage  to  try  such  a  thing  no  mat- 
retort  ter  how  well  she  might  ride, 
return  There  is  shouting  and  clapping  of  hands 
returned  and  stamping. 

reveal  The    air   resounds    with    the   confusion    of 

revealing  many  sounds. 

reverse  The  children  have  enjoyed  every  moment 

revolt  of  the  day. 

revolting  When  the  circus  is  over  the  children  return 

reward  to  their  homes  tired  but  happy, 
rewarded 
rewards 


36 


be  -  ist  ■ 

■  py  - 

became 

Ist- 

"because 

blister 

become 

Christina 

before 

gist 

began 

glisten 

begin 

grist 

behold 

list 

belong 

listen 

below 

minister 

beyond 

mist 

beseech 

Mister  (Mr.) 

<  -i 

sister 

py- 

sister-in-law 

croupy 

r^f 

droopy 

dusty 

happily 

happy 

lusty 

musty 

poppy 

puppy 

sleepily 

sleepy 

sloppy 

Liesson  No.  S-t, 

For  nearly  a  week  after  the  circus  Sam  and 
Nat  spend  most  of  their  spare  time  train- 
ing Nat's  little  puppy  Dick  to  stand  on 
his  hind  legs  and  beg  and  beseech  them 
for  a  bit  of  bread  or  meat. 
Nell   thinks  it  is  a  pitty  when   they  first 

begin  the  training. 
But  as  she  listens  to  their  plan  of  giving 
a  circus  of  their  own  she  too  becomes  in- 
terested   in    the   training   of   Nat's   sleepy 

little  puppy. 
Even  the  puppy  seems  to  enjoy  it  and  is 
happy   because  they   all   notice   him   so 
much. 


in  - 

Inactive 

inarticulate 

inattention 

inattentive 

inaudible 

inaugurate 

incapable 

incident 

incline 

inclose 

income 

incomplete 

inconsiderate 


inconstant 

increase 

independent 

Independence 

inquire 

insist 

instead 

intend 

intrude 

invert 

index 

initial 

invite 


Lesson  No.  85. 

Yesterday  an  incident  occurred  which  in- 
creased Sam's  desire  to  give  a  circus. 

They  were  invited  to  help  increase  the  in- 
come of  the  minister  in  the  Independ- 
ence Church  by  helping  with  a  small  en- 
tertainment. 

Sam  was  never  an  inactive  member,  but 
now  he  proves  so  active  and  sees  so 
many  ways  of  helping  with  the  increase 
of  salary  that  even  Nell  advises  him  to 
go  into  something  and  make  money  for 
himself. 


37 


au  - int  - 

audible 

audience 

audit 

auger 

August 

because 

Claude 

defraud 

fraud 

haul 

inaudible 

inaugurate 

inauguration 

laud 

Maud 

Paul 

pause 

sauce 

vaudeville 


Iiesson  No.  86. 

dint  Nell  has  a  little  visitor  to-day. 

flint  Grace  Brown  has  come  to  spend  the  after- 

hint  noon  with  her. 

intend  Sam  begins  to  tell  what  a  fine  auctioneer 

intended  he  was  this  morning  but  Nell  interrupts 

intending  him  by  showing  Grace  the  palette  and 

lint  brushes  and  paints  which  she  purchased 

flint  at  the  sale. 

flinty  Sam  thinks  this  is  a  gentle  hint  for  him  to 

mint  talk  about  something  else, 

peppermint         He  suggests  that  they  play  circus  or  show 
peppermint-tree     out  under  the  old  willow  tree, 
print  Sam  says  that  he  will  send  Nat  for  Paul 

printer  and  Claude  to  come  and  help  him. 

printing  Grace  and  Nell  and  little  Nat  can  be  the 

splint  audience. 

splinter  Back  of  the  willow  tree,  near  the  bridge, 

stint  is  a  thick  hedge. 

tint  Sam  says  they  can  dress  for  the  circus  be- 

hind this  thick  screen  of  leaves. 
Sam  takes  a  plank,  puts  it  on  two  flat  rocks 

and  so  makes  a  seat  for  the  girls. 
He  tells  them  that  they  must  buy  a  badge, 
for  no  badgeless  person  will  be  allowed 
in  the  audience. 


ph  -  (f)  - 

atmosphere 

camphor 

camphor-ice 

cipher 

ciphering 

decipher 

nephew 

orphan 

orphanage 

orphan-hood 

Orpheum 

Orpheum-circuit 

phaeton 

Philip 

philisophy 

phonograph 

phosphorus 

photograph 

photographer 

photography 

physical 

physician 

phrasing 

sphere 


Lesson  No.  87. 

When  Nat  returns  with  the  other  children 
Sam  takes  Paul  and  Claude  to  one  side 
and  outlines  his  plans  to  them. 

They  will  give  a  vaudeville  performance. 

The  boys  are  both  eager  and  interested  but 
feel  a  little  doubtful  about  carrying  out 
Sam's  plans. 

Nell  and  Maud  and  Grace  and  little  Nat 
make  quite  an  imposing  looking  audi- 
ence. 

They  sit  very  still  for  a  long  time  waiting 
for  the  boys  to  begin  the  circus. 

Nell  says  it  makes  her  feel  quite  like  at- 
tending an  Orpheum. 

It  is  very  pleasant  out  under  the  willow. 

A  large  bumble  bee  drones  lazily  over  a 
cluster  of  fragrant  honeysuckles. 

The  children  talk  in  subdued  whispers. 

Little  Maude  who  is  an  orphan  and  lives 
with  Grace  Brown's  mother,  nods  sleep- 
ily. 

It  is  so  quite  and  peaceful  that  they  all 
begin  to  feel  drowsy,  when  suddenly  the 
hazy  quiet  of  the  afternoon  is  broken  by 
such  a  confusion  of  harsh  sounds  that 
they  all  jump  up  startled 

It  is  Sam  and  his  two  assistants  entering 
the  circus  ring. 


38 


inter  - 

disinterested 

intercede 

Interest 

interfere 

interference 

internal 

internally 

internationally 

interplace 

interpledge 

interpose 

interrogate 

interrogation 

interrupt 

intersect 

intertangle 

intertwine 

interval 

interview 

interweave 


Lesson  No.  88. 

The  three  boys  are  dressed  like  clowns 
with  painted  faces  and  old  clothes. 

They  rush  into  the  ring  and  tumble  and 
fall  over  each  other  and  are  quite  as 
funny  as  real  clowns  could  be. 

In  the  interval  between  this  and  the  next 
act  Sam  asks  the  audience  to  please  sing 
something. 

So  Nell  starts  a  song  that  they  all  know. 

The  second  act  in  their  vaudeville  Sam  an- 
nounces as  an  "international"  boxing 
contest. 

It  is  between  Paul  and  Claude. 

Sam  acts  as  referee. 

The  two  boys  box  very  skillfully  but  soon 
the  fighters  get  so  excited  that  Sam  has 
to  interfere. 

They  both  seem  to  resent  the  interruption 
but  the  audience  applaud  so  warmly  that 
the  boxers  finally  bow  themselves  out  of 
the  ring  and  disappear  behind  the  hedge, 
in  a  perfect  storm  of  applause. 

Sam  disappears  behind  the  hedge  also  but 
soon  reappears  with  a  plate  of  cookies 
and  a  basket  of  ripe  peaches. 

It  will  take  the  boys  some  little  time  to 
prepare  the  last  act  and  Sam  thinks  that 
the  audience  will  wait  more  contentedly 
if  he  treats  them  to  these  nice  refresh- 
ments. 


ence  -  odge 

defence 

defenceless 

fence 

fence-post 

fenced 

fencer 

fencing 

hence 

henceforth 

henceforward 

pence 

thence 


dodge 

lodge 

lodger 

lodgings 

lodgment 


-udge-  ount- 

drudgery 

grudge 

judge 

judgment 

judgship 

trudge 

trudging 

dismount 

amount 

bountiful 

bounty 

dismount 

fount 

fountain 

fountain-pen 

mount 

.mountain 

'.Mountain-top 

dismounting 


Lesson  No.  89. 

Sam  finally  appears  in  the  opening  of  the 
hedge  fence  and  announces  that  the 
last  act  of  their  circus  will  be  Professor 
Paul  Dodge  and  his  two  wonderful 
trained  dogs. 

Paul  has  on  Nat's  little  red  cap  and  Nell's 
red  coat  and  the  two  dogs  are  dressed 
in  bright  colored  blankets  with  ribbon 
bows  and  bells. 

Paul  makes  the  dogs  stand  erect  and  walk 
and  jump  through  a  hoop  and  mount  a 
box. 

Nell  says  that  in  her  judgment  the  closing 
act  is  by  far  the  best. 

They  all  pronounce  it  a  fine  circus  and  well 

worth  the  admission  price. 


39 


eck  -  oc  - 

checking 

occasion 

checkmate 

occasionally 

deck 

occasional 

fleck 

occult 

freckles 

occupation 

neck 

occupy 

necktie 

occur 

peck 

octagon 

speck 

octant 

speckled 

octave 

reckless 

October 

reckoning 

octopus 

decking 

octoroon 

pecking 

oculist 

Lesson  No.  90. 

It  is  Saturday  morning  and  a  beautiful  day. 

Neil  has  just  finished  her  morning's  prac- 
ticing. 

She  can  reach  an  octave  now. 

Sam  stops  on  his  way  to  the  lake  to  ask  her 
to  join  him  and  little  Nat  in  their  Sat- 
urday's play. 

Sam  has  an  old  toy  ship  which  he  is  going 
to  wreck. 

He  will  let  Nat  be  the  captain  and  Nell  may 
be  the  only  passenger  rescued. 

When  they  reach  the  smooth  sandy  beach 
Sam  takes  oE  his  necktie  and  uses  it  as 
a  fiag. 

Nat  hoists  the  flag  and  the  ship  is  launched. 

It  is  a  great  occasion  and  they  all  shout 
with  glee. 

But  soon  Sam  drops  a  heavy  rock  in  the 
stern  of  the  staunch  little  ship. 

It  sways  and  staggers  and  flnally  sinks 
slowly  out  of  sight. 


con  - 

concave 

conceal 

concealment 

conceit 

conceivable 

concent 

concentrate 

(Concentration 

conception 

concern 

concerning 

concession 

concise 

conclave 

conclusion 

conclusive 

concord 

Concord 

concrete 

condense 

condition 

condole 

conductive 

conductor 

consequence 

contradict 

contradiction 


Lesson  No.  91. 

Sam  and  Nat  run  v/ildly  up  and  down  the 

beach  waving  their  hands  frantically  and 

pretending  to  feel  very  depressed   over 

the  condition  of  their  vessel. 
Sam  wades  recklessly  into  the  water  and 

rescues  the  ship. 
He  says  that  he  will  collect  heavy  damages 

from    the    Insurance    Company  for  the 

wreckage  of  his  beautiful  vessel. 
Nell  has  taken  off  her  hat  and  the  warm 

sun  is  making  freckles  on  her  face. 
Sam    tells    her    that    ship-wrecked    people 

never  wear  hats  and  that  an  occasional 

freckle  or  two  is  nothing. 
Sam  throws  a  few  drops  of  water  on  Nell's 

checked  apron  to  give  it  the  appearance 

of  being  foam-flecked. 


40 


Lesson  No.  92. 


cious-  (shus)   ;  ous-  (us) 
tious-(shus)- 

delicious 
deliciously 


gracious 

graciousness 

luscious 

lusciousness 

precious 

famous 

famously 


gorgeous 

gorgeously 

joyous 

joyously 

porous 

wondrous 

cautious 

cautiously 

fractious 


Sam  came  running  in  shouting  joyously. 
He  waves  on  high  a  precious  letter  bearing 
the  post-mark  of  a  famous  European  city. 
It  is  from    uncle    Philip    who    is    abroad 

studying  to  be  a  sculptor. 
Sam  cautiously  breaks  the  seal  so  as  not  to 

tear  the  envelope. 
Nell  and  Nat  crowd  around  him  while  he 

reads  it. 
This  is  Sam's  first  letter  bearing  a  foreign 

post-mark. 
He  is  so  excited  that  Nell  has  to  help  him 

read  it  aloud. 
Nell  can  read  writing  much  more  rapidly 

than  Sam  can  anyway. 
She  reads  aloud  the  following  letter. 


Lesson  No.  93. 


ench  -    ure 

bench 

benches 

drench 

drenching 

French 

instruments 

stench 

wrench 

wrenching 


sure 

lure 

failure 

mixture 

capture 

moisture 

picture 

picture-frame 

picturesque 


r 


Paris,  France. 

April  15,  1910. 

Mr.  Samuel  Long. 

Oakland,  Cal.,    " 

Dear  Nephew  Sam:  u-   r 

Well,  youngsters,  I  saw  something  to-day  that  made  me  think 
of  you  kids  at  home. 

It  was  a  boy  about  your  size,  and  a  girl  who  reminded  me  of  Nell,, 
and  a  dear  little  chap  who  made  me  think  of  Nat. 

They  were  not  French  children,  although  they  were  dressed  in  the 
height  of  French  fashion.     They  were  English  children. 

The  boy  who  looked  like  you,  Sam,  was  driving  a  small  pony 
which  was  hitched  to  a  smart  little  two-wheeled  cart.  The  youngster, 
Nat'9  size,  had  his  hair  cut  off  "Dutch  fashion"  and  looked  quite 
DicturGSQUG. 

The  little  miss,  whom  I  called  Nell  from  the  start,  was  not  nearly 
as  pretty  as  our  Nell  at  home  but  was  dressed  much  more  gorgeously. 

The  driver  was  a  bit  more  pompous  than  our  Sam  but  never-the- 
less  there  was  a  wondrous  resemblance  to  you  three  youngsters  at  home. 


41 


esh  -  olt  -  ac©. 


Lesson  No.  04. 


tresh  bolt  necklace 

mesh  colt  terraces 

flesh  molt  palaces 

freshness  molting  furnace 

fleshiness  bolted  surface 

freshet  5f  coltish  graceful 

threshing  poultry  gracefully 

meshes  ,  poultice  disgraceful 

(Letter  continued.) 
They  were  in  a  shady  lane  just  outside  the  small  village  of  Mezin. 
They  were  driving  down  this  shady  lane  which  was  near  a  green  pasture. 
The  pasture  was  dotted  with  daisies  and  dandelions  and  larkspurs. 

I  was  sitting  on  a  rustic  bench  under  a  spreading  elm  tree  when 
I  distinctly  heard  the  little  girl  say,  "Brother,  can't  we  stop  and  pluck 
some  of  those  beautiful  weeds?"  The  boy  answered,  "No,  Sis,  it's 
too  much  of  a  nuisance  to  sit  so  jolly  still  and  hold  this  bloomin'  nag. 
Just  fancy  that  you  have  them." 


ay  -  (a); 

-  ire-  ore  - 

bay 

fire 

bray 

.hire 

day 

hired 

fay 

hired-man 

gay 

mire 

gray 

tire 

lay 

wagon-tire 

away 

coal-fire 

may 

bore 

nay 

gore 

pay 

lore 

play 

more 

pray 

pore 

stay 

snore 

stray 

sore 

tray 

tore 

Lesson  No.  95. 

(Letter  continued) 

Sometimes  of  an  evening  I  sit  on  the  ter- 
race smoking  and  dreaming  of  you  dear 
ones  at  home  and  of  the  time  when  I 
shall  return  to  you  a  famous  sculptor. 

When  I  do  return  I  shall  bring  Nell  a  neck- 
lace, just  like  the  one  the  girl  had  on 
to-day. 

It  shall  have  blue  stones  set  in  a  rough 
surface. 

I  shall  bring  Sam  the  Frenchiest  watch  fob 
I  can  find,  and  dear  little  Nat  shall  have 
the  grandest  picture-book  and  the  most 
interesting  games  I  can  find  in  all  Paris. 

Don't  forget  your  Uncle  and  be  good  chil- 
dren. 

So  long. 

Uncle  Philip. 

P.  S.     Say  bow-wow  to  Jack  for  me. 


42 


Lesson  No.  06 


inch  -  igh  - 

mince 


nigh 


prince 

quince 

since 

mincing 

mince-meat 

princess 

quinces 


high 
sigh 
higher 
highest 
sighing 
thigh 

thigh-bone 
The  children  read  this  wonderful  letter  a  dozen  times.     Nat  wants 
to  know  if  there  will  be  pictures  of  princes  and  princesses  in  his  book. 
Nell  sighs  with  delight  at  the  mere  thought  of  her  beautiful  neck- 
lace and  moves  her  head  gracefully  from  side  to  side.     She  can  almost 
feel  the  links  of  the  chain  about  her  slim  throat. 

Sam  puts  his  thumb  and  finger  into  his  vest  pocket  and  wonders 
raguely  how  he  ever  got  along  without  a  watch.  It  is  really  necessary 
that  he  should  have  one  in  order  to  let  the  boys  know  exactly  what 
time  it  Is. 

He   is  sure  that   Uncle   Philip   will   bring  the  watch  too  if  he  re- 
members that  Sim  has  none. 


cent  -  de 

-inge 

cent 

deceit 

center 

deceive 

'centigram 

declare 

centiped 

decline 

central 

defeat 

centralize 

defend 

century 

degree 

incentive 

delay 

decent 

delightful 

cringe 

fringe 

hinge 

hinging 

infringe 

singe 

singeing 

twinge 

twingeing 

Lesson  No.  97. 

Sam  read  an  advertisement  in  the  Century 
yesterday  morning. 

It  was  a  chance  to  get  a  watch  free. 

If  he  sends  five  dollars  to  the  company 
they  will  send  him  six  watches. 

He  can  sell  five  of  them  and  keep  the  other 
one  for  himself. 

Sam  declares  that  he  will  have  one,  but  he 
must  wait  for  he  has  only  |2.45. 

Sam  dislikes  the  delay  but  must  wait  until 
he  earns  the  rest  of  the  money. 

It  will  be  delightful  to  have  a  watch  of  his 
own. 

Sam  feels  not  the  slightest  twinge  of  con- 
science in  asking  little  Nat  to  loan  him 
all  his  money. 

Little  Nat  has  only  15  cents  but  he  is  de- 
lighted to  help  in  even  the  smallest  de- 
gree. He  wishes  he  had  more  to  lend 
Sam. 


43 


-aim-  (am) 

almanac 

almond 

alms 

calms 

palms 

psalms 

chance 

dance 

distance 

glance 

glancing 

prance 


-ance 


gh-(f); 
laugh 
laughed 
laughter 
laughing 
calf 
half 

aloft 

loft 

loftier 

loftiest 

often 

soft 


Lesson  Xo.  98. 

■oft  - 

Sam's  first  chance  to  make  the  price  of  the 
watch  came  that  morning  when  his 
father  started  to  the  city. 

Sam  asked  him  if  he  might  go  with  him 
and  sell  a  half  bushel  basket  of  clams 
he  had  dug  before  day-light  and  also  a 
box  of  almonds  which  he  had  gathered 
and  shelled  the  day  before. 

Sam's  father  was  much  amused  and  not  a 
little  pleased  at  the  business  like  way  in 
vv'hich  Sam  set  to  work  to  earn  the  watch. 

He  will  help  Sam  if  he  needs  it  but  thinks 
it  v.-isest  to  let  him  do  his  own  planning 
as  far  as  he  can. 


ei-(a)  -eigh-. 

,ght  -  oom  - 

veil 

broom 

veiling 

broomstraw 

reindeer 

coop 

skein 

cooper 

eight 

droop 

eighty 

groom 

freight 

hoop 

freighting 

loom 

neigh 

moon 

neighbor 

noon 

neighborhood 

[  room 

sleigh 

scoop 

sleighing 

snoop 

eighteen 

soon 

weight 

sooner 

weighty 

soonest 

Lesson  No.  99. 

oon  -  oop  - 

Sam  came  home  that  night  with  eighty 
cents  from  the  clams  and  fifty  cents 
from  the  almonds. 

It  had  cost  him  ten  cents  each  way  on  the 
train  and  five  cents  car-tare. 

The  baskets  weighed  far  too  much  for  him 
to  carry  alone  and  although  his  father 
helped  him  on  the  train  with  them  Sam 
had  to  manage  by  himself  when  he 
reached  the  city. 

The  train  conductor,  who  was  a  neighbor, 
and  knew  Sam's  father,  was  very  kind  to 
him. 

He  did  not  charge  Sam  any  freight  on  his 
heavy  baskets,  and  also  gave  him  a  help- 
ing hand  in  changing  from  the  train  to 
the  car. 

Sam  knew  that  the  clams  and  almonds 
were  worth  more  but  felt  satisfied  with 
his  day's  work  as  it  was  all  pure  gain. 


44 


Lesson  Xo.  100. 


ant-ave  -other-  ound  - 

ants                            grave 

brother 

bound 

bantam                      gravel 

mother 

found 

disenchant                 have 

motherly- 

ground 

disenchantment       pave 

others 

hound 

enchant                      save 

otherwise 

mound 

implant                      shave 

smother 

pound 

plants                         wave 

smothered 

sound 

The  next  morning  Sam's  mother  told  him 
that  he  might  have  fifty  cents  for  raking 
the  gravel  walks  and  spading  the  vegeta- 
ble bed  behind  the  house. 

Sam  worked  hard  all  day  and  at  night  his 
mother  gave  him  not  only  the  fifty 
cents  but  an  extra  dime  besides. 

This  made  Sam  just  four  dollars  and 
twenty-five  cents. 

Earned. 
$2.45      Had  at  first. 

.15     Borrowed  from  Nat. 
.80      Clams. 
.50     Almonds. 
.60     From  mother. 


Spent. 

.20     Two  train  fares. 

.05      One  car-fare. 


$4.50      Total. 


.25      Total. 


ful  -  ion  - 

careful 

beautiful 

cheerful 

gleeful 

faithful 

playful 

thankful 

hopeful 

helpful 

graceful 


(yun)  -  ast  - 


Lesson  No.  101. 

billion 

million 

trillion 

onion 

companion 

cushion 

fashion 

fashionable 

opinion 

Union 


last 

mast    ' 

past 

plaster 

master 

mastiff 

master-piece 

elastic 

elasticity 

fastening 


After  dinner  Sam  sat  down  and  wrote  the  following  letter  to  the 
Manufacturing  Co. 

Oakland,  Cal. 

April  17,  1910. 
Waterbury  Manufacturing  Co., 
Springfield,  Mass. 
Gentlemen: — Inclosed  in  this  letter  you    will    find    a    five    dollar 
money  order  for  which  please  send  me  six  (6)  of  your  best  waterbury 
watches,  (as  per  advertised  in  the  April  number  of  the  Century). 

Very  respectfully, 

Samuel  Long, 

Oakland,  Cal. 


45 


re  - 

Temit 

re  melt 

remittance 

rebound 

reception 

rechange 

recoil 

reclaim 

reconsider 

recopy 

recount 


Lesson  No.  102. 

recall 

recess 

receive 

refresh 

refreshments 

rejoice 

repay 

remind 

remain 

remark 

remember 


recover 

recovering 

recross 

redeem 

redress 

reduce 

remonstrance 

reason 

remound 

remarkable 

remorseful 


It  took  Sam  some  time  to  write  out  this  letter,  and  it  was  quite 
late  when  he  remembered  that  he  must  see  Nell  that  evening  and 
borrow  75  cents  from  her. 

Nell  had  just  received  her  weekly  remittance  from  her  father,  so 
Sam  had  very  little  trouble  in  getting  the  seventy-five  cents. 

Sam  remained  a  little  while  and  told  the  story  of  his  remarkable 
luck. 

He  promised  to  repay  Nell  when  he  sold  his  first  watch.  He  re- 
joiced greatly  when,  a  half  hour  later,  he  recrossed  the  street  with  the 
full  amount  in  his  possession. 

The  next  morning  his  father  took  the  letter  and  money  with  him. 
He  promised  to  advance  the  money  for  the  money-order  fee  and  the 
expressage  on  the  watches. 

Sam  remained  at  home  chopping  kindling,  and  currying  the 
horses,  and  weeding  the  garden,  to  repay  his  father. 


el  -il 

l)arrel 

bushel 

chapel 

funnel 

hazel 

kennel 

kernel 

level 

morsel 

navel 

novel 


tl-  (n). 


Lesson  No.  103. 

panel 

parcel 

quarrel 

satchel 

tassel 

travel 

tunnel 

weasel 

April 

pencil 

pupil 


knapsack 

knead 

knee 

knight 

knit 

knives 

knob 

knock 

knuckle 

knowledge 

acknowledge 


Nell  was  out  under  the  laurel  tree  knitting 
a  bead  satchel. 

Little  Nat  was  kneeling  by  the  puppy  ken- 
nel playing  with  Jack. 

Sam  comes  up  the  gravel  walk  with  a  small 
parcel  in  his  hands. 

His  watches  have  come. 

Sam  calls  Nat  to  come  and  see  them. 

They  are  beautiful. 

So  shiny  and  new. 

Sam  has  wound  one  of  them  up  to  show 
how  it  goes. 

He  will  not  wear  hig  own  watch  until  he 
has  sold  the  other  five. 


46 


oud  -  oup 

-  our  - 

aloud 

courage 

cloud 

court 

cloudy 

four 

loud 

fourteen 

louder 

fourth 

loudest 

pour 

proud 

sour 

proudest 

sourness 

couple 

couplet 

coupling 

croup 

group 

grouping 

soup 

soup-ladle 

Lesson  No.  104. 

They  all  crowd  around  to  see. 

Sam  lets  Nat  hold  one  of  the  watches  and 

hear  it  tick. 
Then  he  asks  Nat  if  he  does  not  want  to 

buy  one. 
Sam  says  that  he  already  has  a  deposit  of 

fifteen  cents  and  that  Nat  can  pay  him 

the  rest  a  little  at  a  time. 
Nat  runs  into  the  house  to  ask  Mama. 
He  takes  one  of  the  watches  clasped  tightly 

in  both  his  little  fat  hands. 
Nat's  mama  comes  out  under  the  laurel- 
tree  and  asks  Sam  many  questions. 
Sam  says  that  Nat  may  turn  the  account 

with  Nell  if  he  wishes. 
That  he  may  pay  Nell  the  75  cents  when  he 

gets  it  and  pay  him  the  remaining  ten. 
Nat's  mother  thinks  this  is  the  best  plan. 
She   does   not   mind   Nat  owing  his  sister 

75c  but  she  dislikes  the  idea  of  her  tiny 

five  year  old  boy  getting  in  debt  to  his 

little  neighbor. 
She  will  give  Nat  the  10c  now.     So  little 

Nat  buys  the  first  watch  and   wears  it. 

proudly. 


L^son  Xo.  105. 


able  -  ible  -  outh 
agreeable 
inflammable 
lovable 
miserable 
peaceable 
remarkable 
vegetable 
corruptible 
credible 
terrible 


mouth 

mouthful 

mouth-piece 

south 

south-east 

southern 

southerner 

southward 

south-west 

southwestern 


Cook  came  to  the  kitchen  door  and  watched  then.  She  had  a  long- 
handled  soup  ladle  in  her  hand.  Little  Nat  ran  up  and  showed  her 
his  beautiful  new  watch.  Cook  came  out  under  the  tree  and  looked  at 
them  herself.  In  an  incredibly  short  time  Sam  had  one  watch  wound 
and  running,  and  ready  for  inspection.  He  told  her  in  his  most  agree- 
able manner  how  it  worked.  Cook  bought  one  for  her  nephew,  a  boy 
about  fourteen  years  old,  who  lives  in  a  neighboring  town.  They 
smelt  something  burning  so  cook  ran  into  the  house  to  see  if  the 
chicken  she  had  left  in  the  oven  was  all  right.  It  was  then  time  to 
prepare  the  vegetables  for  dinner.  Little  Nat  ran  into  the  house  with 
her  to  bring  the  dollar  back  to  Sam. 

Claude  and  Paul  both  bought  a  watch  before  the  day  was  over. 
Claude  did  not  have  money  enough  to  pay  for  his  watch  so  Sam  trusted 
him.     Sam  is  a  remarkable  salesman. 


47 


Lesson  No.  106. 


eep  -  nr-  (r) 
carpet-sweeper 
creep 
deep 
deeper 
keep 
peep 
sheep 
sleep 
sleeping 
steep 
sweep 
weep 


wrap 

wrapper 

wreaths 

wrench 

wren 

wriggle 

wrist 

write 

written 

wrong 

wrote 

wrung 


Sam  could  hardly  sleep  that  night  for  planning  how  to  dispose 
of  his  fifth  watch.  He  decided  to  raffle  it  off.  The  next  morning  Sam 
cut  twenty  pieces  of  paper,  and  wrote  numbers  on  them.  He  wrapped 
the  watch  up  carefully  and  let  Claude  take  it  and  the  tickets  around 
town.  That  afternoon  they  all  met  under  the  laurel  tree  at  Nell's. 
Claude  had  sold  all  the  tickets.  Little  Nat  had  bought  one,  and  Ned 
Hood,  Sam's  old  enemy,  had  two. 

It  seemed  as  though  all  the  boys  in  town  were  there.  Sam  counted 
all  the  money  Claude  had  and  put  It  in  his  pocket,  then  he  collected  ?11 
the  slips  of  paper,  and  folding  them,  put  them  in  a  deep  box.  They 
put  a  handkerchief  over  Nell's  eyes  so  that  she  could  not  possibly  peep, 
and  let  her  thrust  her  hand  and  wrist  deep  into  the  box  and  select  a 
ticket. 


Lesson  No.  107. 

ouch-ouse 

crumb  couch 

dumb  crouch 

dumb-bells  grouch 

dumb-waiter  grouse 

lamb  house 

limb  housewife 

limber  louse 

plumber  mouse 

numb  souse 

thumb  houses 

the  paper  from  Nell's  hand,  and,  opening  it, 
read  Nat's  number.  The  silence  was  intense.  Every  one  seemed  too 
surprised  to  speak  for  a  moment,  and  then  all  talked  at  once.  Little 
Nat  stood  with  eyes  and  mouth  open  with  amazement.  Then,  as  Sam 
held  the  watch  out  to  him,  a  wave  of  color  swept  over  his  face  and 
tears  of  pure  joy  filled  his  eyes.  Having  two  watches  was  too  much 
for  one  little  boy.  Silently  he  grasped  the  watch,  and  without  a  word 
or  look  at  the  group  of  disappointed  boys,  he  ran  breathlessly  to  tell 
mama  all  about  it. 

Sam  was  sorry  that  one  of  the  larger  boys  had  not  won  the  watch; 
but  after  the  first  shock  of  surprise  they  all  felt  amused  that  little 
Nat  should  be  so  lucky.  Sam  took  his  watch  to  the  jeweler's  to  have 
his  initials  engraved  on  it. 


eap  -  mb  -  (m)  - 

cheap 

cheaper 

cheapest 

heap 

heaped 

heaping 

leap 

reap 

reaper 

reaping 

Sam  gravely  took 


48 


Lesson  No.  108. 

pro  - 
probable  progress 

proceed  prohibition 

process  prolong 

proclaim  prominence 

procure  promise 

produce  promote 

production  prompt 

profane  pronounce 

professor  pronunciation 

professional  property 

profile  propose 

profit  prose 

profitable  protect 

profound  protest 

profuse  provide 

programme  prove 

Little  Nat  is  wearing  both  watches  to-day,  much  to  the  envy  of  the 
larger  boys.  He  is  very  profuse  in  his  expressions  of  gratitude.  He 
produces  the  watches  every  few  minutes  to  prove  that  they  are  real 
and  not  a  delightful  dream.  He  wonders  if  the  tax  collector  will  tax 
him  for  his  personal  property. 

The  boys  propose  to  raffle  one  of  them  off  for  him,  but  he  promptly 
says  no.  He  feels  that  he  could  not  possibly  part  with  either.  He 
protests  vigorously  against  lending  one  to  Ned  Hood  in  exchange  for 
his  top.  In  fact,  he  can  not  see  how  any  boy  can  do  with  less  than 
two  watches. 


Lesson  No.  109. 

en  - 

encore  engross 

encounter  enhance 

encourage  enjoy 

encyclopedia  enlarge 

endanger  enlighten 

endeavour  enough 

endure  enquire 

enemy  enrage 

energy  enter 

enfold  enthusiastic 

enforce  entice 

engage  entreat 

engineer  envelope 

engrave  envy 

It  was  a  rainy  Saturday  and  the  children  felt  very  much  abused. 
They  did  not  enjoy  staying  in  the  house  and  playing  quiet  games. 
They  could  not  endure  the  house  on  a  holiday.  It  was  bad  enough 
on  school  days.  On  Saturdays  they  liked  to  run  and  romp,  and  vent 
their  enthusiasm  in  shouts  and  laughter. 

Nell  took  down  the  encyclopedia  and  selected  the  longest  word 
she  could  find.  Then  they  endeavored  to  build  as  many  small  words 
from  it  as  they  could.     It  was  a  very  engrossing  game,  for  Nell. 

Little  Nat  did  not  enjoy  it  very  much.  He  went  to  the  window 
and  looked  out.  He  flattened  his  nose  against  the  window  pane  and 
watched  the  raindrops  trickle  down. 

He  gave  a  shout  of  joy  when  he  saw  Sam  opening  the  garden 
gate.  There  was  a  loud  knocking  at  the  front  door  and  Sam  entered, 
dripping. 


An 


Lesson  No.  110. 

ange  -  onge  -  unge  -  gn  -  (n) 


granger 

sponge 

range 

ranger 

stranger 

lunge 

plunge 

plunging 


orange 

spongecake 

sponging 

strangers 

oranges 

changes 

lunging 

ranging 


gnaw 

granl 

gnat 

gnash 

gnawing 

gnome 

gnawed 

gnashing 

He  took  them  off  on  the 
welcome.     Ranger  is  the 


Sam  had  on  his  rain-coat  and  rubbers, 
kitchen  porch.  Old  Ranger  wagged  him  a 
hired-man's  dog.  Dick  was  there  too,  knawing  a  bone  Nat  had  given 
him.  Ranger  lunged  at  Dick,  and  growled  and  gnashed  his  teeth. 
Dick  plunged  down  the  kitchen  steps  and  ran  to  the  barn  and  hid  his 
precious  bone  in  the  manger. 

Sam  returned  to  the  sitting-room.     He  paused  in  the  kitchen  just 
long  enough  to  help  himself  to  an  orange  and  a  piece  of  sponge-cake. 


Lesson  No.  111. 


imp  - 

imp 

dimple 

simple 

pimple 

simpleton 

limping 

impure 

impulse 

imprint 

impress 

impose 

imposition 


impart 

impair 

impassable 

impassion 

impatient 

impediment 

impending 

impel 

imperfect 

impersonal 

improvement 

imperceptable 


Nell  put  away  the  encyclopedia.  She  knew  that  Sam  would  rather 
play  some  more  active  game.  She  liked  to  play  games  which  improve 
the  mind.  She  was  always  ready  to  impart  her  knowledge.  Her  im- 
pulsive desire  to  lead  always  impressed  the  other  children.  It  made 
Sam  feel  impatient  to  think  he  was  more  imperfect  in  general  knowl- 
edge than  Nell.     He  said  he  felt  like  a  simpleton. 

He  would  rather  play  Wild  Indian  than  even  the  simplest  kind 
of  a  guessing  game.  Nell  thought  that  Wild  Indian  was  too  noisy  for 
indoor  play. 


50 


Lesson  No.  112. 
pre  - 

pretend  preface 

prevent  prefer 

previous  prefix 

precede  prejudice 

precept  preliminary 

precious  preclude 

precipitate  prepare 

precise  present 

prelude  presentment 

predict  press 

predicate  presume 

predominate  .  president 

Nell's  mama  was  present.  She  knew,  from  previous  experience, 
what  a  noisy  game  Wild  Indian  was.  She  had  a  prejudice  against  it. 
So  to  prevent  them  from  playing  it  she  suggested  some  more  quiet 
game.     She  pressed  them  to  form  a  club. 

As  a  prelude  she  nominated  Sam  as  President.  She  said  that  Nell 
might  be  the  only  active  member.  This  precluded  little  Nat.  He  said 
that  he  did  not  care-  as  he  prefered  almost  any  other  game. 

Nell  started  to  prepare  a  paper  in  her  usual  precise  manner.  She 
was  always  careful  to  place  her  subject  and  predicate  in  their  proper 
places,  and  she  wrote  each  prefix  very  clearly. 

Sam  opened  the  meeting  with  a  few  preliminary  remarks.  He 
began  each  statement  with  polite  smiles  and  bows.  As  a  preface  to  his 
speech  he  explained  what  a  great  nation  this  is.  Then  he  predicted 
greater  things  for  the  future.  He  presumed  they  would  all  wish  to 
help  with  the  good  work.  He  closed  his  remarks  with  the  precept  that 
they  should  not  waste  one  precious  moment. 


51 


Singular 

Plural 

book 

books 

bridge 

bridges 

bush 

bushes 

chair 

chairs 

chief 

chiefs 

dish 

dishes 

dog 

dogs 

fish 

fishes 

flame 

flames 

flower 

flowers 

game 

games 

hoof 

hoofs 

hut 

huts 

Indian 

Indians 

lake 

lakes 

path 

paths 

peach 

peaches 

plank 

planks 

shawl 

shawls 

stamp 

stamps 

tray- 

trays 

tree 

trees 

watch 

watches 

wharf 

wharfs 

wish 

wishes 

Lesson  No.  113. 

The  Singular  Number  denotes  only  one. 

The  Plural  Number  denotes  more  than  one. 

Nearly  all  nouns  are  made  plural  by  add- 
ing s  or  es  to  the  singular  form. 

es  is  added  to  words  ending  in  s,  z,  x,  sh, 
or  ch  (soft)  because  they  sound  so  much 
like  s  that  we  can  not  pronounce  the 
plural  without  giving  it  another  syllable. 


The  children  trooped  noisly  up  to  the  attic.  It  is  a  large  pleasant 
room  in  the  top  of  the  house,  with  sleeping  roofs  that  reach  the  eaves 
on  two  sides.  Large  dormer  windows  on  the  east  and  west  let  in  plenty 
of  light,  even  on  the  darkest  days.  From  the  west  windows  they  can 
see  the  wharfs  where  they  usually  play  on  pleasant  days. 

Two  large  brick  chimneys  take  up  lots  of  room,  but  make  it  a 
warm  and  comfortable  place  to  pay.  Mama  has  it  swept  and  dusted 
each  week,  so  that  it  is  an  ideal  play-room.  Many  old  chairs  and  books 
and  a  few  cracked  and  nicked  dishes  are  packed  neatly  away  in  the 
corners.  There  are  three  large  sea-chests  that  belong  to  Uncle  Fred. 
These  chests  are  full  of  beautiful  things  that  he  has  brought  from  for- 
eign countries.  They  are  never  locked  and  the  children  esteem  it  a 
great  honor  to  be  allowed  to  look  through  them  when  ever  they  wish  to. 


52 


Singular 

Plural 

barley 

barleys 

boy 

boys 

chimney 

chimneys 

day 

days 

donkey 

donkeys 

honey 

honeys 

journey 

journeys 

money 

moneys 

monkey 

monkeys 

play 

plays 

ray 

rays 

stay 

stays 

toy 

toys 

turkey 

turkeys 

Lesson  No.  114. 

Rule:     Words  ending  in  y  preceded  by  a 
vowel  form  their  plural  by  adding  s. 


Sam  drags  the  largest  chest  into  the  middle  of  the  room,  where 
the  light  which  filters  through  the  leaded  panes  of  the  dormer  window 
will  strike  it,  and  throws  the  heavy  lid  back  with  a  bang.  They  all 
crowd  around  to  see. 

The  chest  is  full  of  beautiful  things.  There  are  large  squares  of 
embroidered  linen  and  beautiful  silk  shawls  with  heavy  fringe.  There 
are  curious  toys,  and  dainty  fans  with  frail  twisted  handles.  Nell 
takes  up  one  with  quaint  carved  ivory  sticks,  and  unfurls  it.  Uncle 
Fred  has  promised  it  to  her  on  her  thirteenth  birthday.  She  carefully 
closes  it  and  returns  it  to  its  fragrant  sandlewood  box,  with  its  beau- 
tiful inlaid  lid. 

Uncle  Fred  has  made  many  journeys  to  distant  lands,  and  he 
always  brings  back  some  beautiful  curio. 


Singular 

berry 

candy 

city 

daisy 

dolly 

fairy 

fifty 

ivy 


Plural 

berries 

candies 

cities 

daisies 

dollies 

fairies 

fifties 

ivies 


Lesson  No.  115. 

Rule:  Words  ending  In  y  preceded  by  a 
consonant  change  the  y  to  i  and  add  es  to 
form  their  plural. 


jelly  jellies 

Kitty  Kitties 

lady  ladies 

pansy  pansies 

pantry  pantries 

party  parties 

penny  pennies 

pony  ponies 

puppy  puppies 

story  stories 

thirty  thirties 

twenty  twenties 

baby  babies 

They  take  out  these  things  one  by  one,  and  Sam  places  them  in 
a  huge  pile  by  the  chimney. 

Then,  with  reverent  fingers,  he  pulls  out  a  large  bundle  of  flags. 
Nell  spreads  a  newspaper  on  the  floor,  and  they  carefully  unroll  them. 

There  are  flags  from  every  country  in  the  world.  The  children 
take  them  up  carefully,  one  after  another,  and  look  at  them.  Little 
Nat  greatly  admires  the  bright  colors  in  the  Spanish  flag. 


53 


singular 

Plural 

brother 
child 
cow 
foot 

brethern 
children 
kine 
feet 

goose 
louse 

geese 
lice 

man 

men 

mouse 

mice 

ox 
tooth 

oxen 
teeth 

woman 

women 

Lesson  No.  116. 

Eleven  nouns  form  their  plural  by  adding 
en  or  by  changing  a  vowel. 


Sam  takes  up  the  flag  of  the  new  Chinese  Republic  and  compares 
its  bright  orange  and  black  with  the  old  Chinese  flag. 

Nell  thinks  the  flags  of  Norway  and  Sweden  are  beautiful,  but 
hastily  adds  that  they  can  not  compare  with  our  own  stars  and  stripes. 

Sam  unrolls  the  German  flag  and  holds  it  up  to  the  light.  He 
says  there  are  more  soldiers  under  this  banner  than  any  other;  that 
Germany  has  the  largest  and  strongest  standing  army  in  the  world. 


Lesson  No.  117. 

Eleven  nouns  ending  in  f  and  three  in  fe 
form  their  plurals  by  changing  f  or  fe 
to  ves. 


Singular 

Plural' 

beef 

beeves 

calf 

calves 

elf 

elves 

half 

halves 

leaf 

leaves 

loaf 

loaves 

self 

selves 

sheaf 

sheaves 

shelf 

shelves 

thief 

thieves 

wolf 

wolves 

knife 

knives 

life 

lives 

wife 

wives 

There  is  one  old  smoke-stained  tattered  banner.  Little  Na,t  thinks 
that  the  rats  have  gnawed  it,  but  Nell  says  no,  that  no  rat  has  been 
allowed  to  set  his  sharp  little  teeth  into  its  folds.  She  tell.s  him  that 
the  ragged  holes  have  been  made  by  bullets,  and  that  the  dark  spots 
are  smoke  stains;  that  it  has  been  carried  in  battle.  The  children  look 
it  over  with  awe.  They  can  almost  see  the  long  lines  of  soldiers 
marching  and  hear  the  roll  of  the  drums. 


annals 


riches 


ashes 

scissors 

bitters 

suds 

dregs 

thanks 

eaves 

tidings 

goods 

tongs 

mumps 

trousers 

pincers 

victuals 

proceeds 

vitals 

Lesson  No.  118. 

The    following    nouns    are    always    plural 
both  in  form  and  meaning: 


Little  Nat  says  that  he  would  fight  if  an  enemy  came  to  hurt  his 
country.  They  hold  up  the  Stars  and  Stripes  and  admire  its  beautiful 
colors.  They  decide  that  it  is  the  most  beautiful  flag  of  all.  At  Nell's 
suggestion  they  sing  "The  Star  Spangled  Banner"  and  "America." 


54 


Singular 

Plural 

buffalo 

buffaloes 

calico 

calicoes 

cargo 

cargoes 

echo 

echoes 

embargo 

embargoes 

hero 

heroes 

motto 

mottoes 

negro 

negroes 

potato 

potatoes 

tomato 

tomatoes 

volcano 

volcanoes 

alto 

altos 

banjo 

banjos 

canto 

cantos 

contralto 

contraltos 

domino 

dominos 

halo 

halos 

lasso 

lassos 

piano 

pianos 

solo 

solos 

soprano 

sopranos 

zero 

zeros 

tiesson  No.  119. 

Names  of  musical  instruments  (and  a  few 
other  nouns),  ending  in  o  preceded  by 
a  consonant,  form  their  plurals  by  add- 
ing s. 

This   is  an   exception  to  the  regular  rule 
for  most  nouns  ending  in  o  preceded  by 
a  consonant  form  their  plurals  by 
ing  es  to  the  singular. 


After  putting  away  the  flags  they  go  down  to  the  kitchen.  Cook 
has  just  taken  five  loaves  of  bread  out  of  the  oven.  She  always  bakes 
an  extra  loaf  for  the  children.  So  they  all  have  a  slice  of  hot  bread 
ajid  butter. 

Nell's  mama  telephones  to  ^am's  mama  and  asked  if  he  may  stay 
to  dinner  and  spend  the  evening. 

It  is  the  last  evening  of  their  vacation,  and  she  intends  letting 
them  roast  chestnuts  and  pop  corn  in  the  huge  fireplace  in  the  library. 

Nell's  papa  tells  them  wonderful  fairy  tales.  It  proves  to  be  a 
very  enjoyable  evening. 


55 


Lesson  No.  120. 

Bingnlar  Plural 

alumnus  alumni  Many    foreign    nouns   retain    their   native 

analysis  analyses  plurals. 

appendix  appendices 

aquarium  aquaria 

basis  bases 

crisis  crises 

oasis  oases 

phenomenon    phenomena 

radius  radii 

vertex  vertices 

Many  foreign  nouns  are  so  commonly  used 
that  they  have  an  English  as  well  as  a 
foreign  plural. 


Singular 

For,  Plural 

Eng.  Plural 

bandit 

banditti 

bandits 

beau 

beaux 

beaus 

cherub 

cherubim 

cherubs 

radius 

radii 

radiuses 

seraph 

seraphim 

seraphs 

stamen 

stamina 

stamens 

It  is  Monday  morning  and  the  children  have  been  up  since  dawn. 
The  storm  of  yesterday  has  passed  and  the  sky  is  bright  and  clear. 
School  opens  to-day.  Although  not  quite  six,  little  Nat  is  to  begin  to- 
day. 

He  is  so  excited  that  he  can  hardly  eat.  At  breakfast  he  asks  for 
the  tomatoes  instead  of  the  potatoes. 

Every  one  Is  happy  and  eager.  They  are  all  ready  for  school 
almost  an  hour  before  opening  time. 

Little  Nat  looks  more  like  a  blue-eyed  bandit  than  a  five-year-old 
cherub  as  he  struts  along  between  Sam  and  Nell.  He  looks  very  brave 
and  important  with  his  red  cap  on  the  back  of  his  yellow  curls. 

Although  his  mama  smiles  there  are  tears  in  her  eyes.  She  knows 
that  this  is  the  first  great  change  in  his  life.  He  will  never  be  her  baby 
again.  From  now  on  he  must  be  more  self-reliant,  more  manly.  Now 
he  must  begin  to  fight  his  own  battles.  She  sighs  softly  as  she  whis- 
pers: "Good  luck  go  with  you,  little  Nat." 


66 


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